Healthy Fats
What is the recommended daily intake of water for an average adult?
a) 2 liters
b) 3 liters
c) 4 liters
d) 5 liters
a) 2 liters
Which nutrient is known as the body's main source of energy?
a) Protein
b) Fat
c) Carbohydrate
d) Vitamin C
c) Carbohydrate
What is the most common food allergy among children?
a) Peanut allergy
b) Egg allergy
c) Milk allergy
d) Wheat allergy
a) Peanut allergy
Chronic stress can lead to changes in eating habits, often resulting in increased consumption of high-fat, high-sugar foods.
a) True
b) False
a) True
In Mexican cuisine, what is the term for a traditional dish consisting of a soft corn or wheat tortilla filled with various ingredients such as meat, beans, cheese, and vegetables?
a) Burrito
b) Tamale
c) Enchilada
d) Taco
d) Taco
How does consuming an excess of sodium affect neurons in the brain?
a) It disrupts the balance of electrolytes, causing neurons to become more resistant to oxidative stress and reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.
b) It disrupts the balance of electrolytes, impairing neuron function and potentially increasing the risk of high blood pressure.
c) It disrupts the balance of electrolytes, causing the cerebrospinal fluid to be imbalanced, which causes neuronal death
d) It disrupts the balance of electrolytes, causing neurons to function more effectively and reducing the risk of high blood pressure.
b) It disrupts the balance of electrolytes, impairing neuron function and potentially increasing the risk of high blood pressure.
Name three foods that are excellent sources of dietary fiber.
a) Chicken, eggs, and milk
b) White bread, pasta, and rice
c) Apples, oats, and broccoli
d) Soda, candy, and cookies
c) Apples, oats, and broccoli
Name two symptoms of lactose intolerance.
a) Rash and fever
b) Diarrhea and bloating
c) Headache and dizziness
d) Muscle cramps and joint pain
b) Diarrhea and bloating
Which mineral, found in nuts, seeds, and whole grains, has been associated with improved cognitive function and mood regulation?
a) Magnesium
b) Iron
c) Zinc
d) Calcium
a) Magnesium
In Italian cuisine, what is the term for a thin, crusty bread often served as an appetizer or with meals, usually drizzled with olive oil and seasoned with herbs?
a) Focaccia
b) Baguette
c) Ciabatta
d) Panettone
c) Ciabatta
What is the recommended maximum daily intake of added sugars for adults according to the American Heart Association?
a) 25 grams for women, 36 grams for men
b) 50 grams for women, 60 grams for men
c) 100 grams for women, 120 grams for men
d) No limit
a) 25 grams for women, 36 grams for men
What are the two main types of dietary fiber, and how do they differ in their effects on digestion?
a) Soluble and insoluble; soluble fiber slows digestion, while insoluble fiber speeds it up
b) Sweet and savory; sweet fiber is found in fruits, while savory fiber is found in vegetables
c) Simple and complex; simple fiber is found in processed foods, while complex fiber is found in whole grains
d) Green and red; green fiber is found in leafy vegetables, while red fiber is found in beets
a) Soluble and insoluble; soluble fiber slows digestion, while insoluble fiber speeds it up
Lactose intolerance is often diagnosed through a test known as the lactose tolerance test, which measures the ability of the body to digest lactose. Which substance is used during this test to assess lactose digestion?
a) Glucose
b) Fructose
c) Galactose
d) Sucrose
a) Glucose
What is the term for a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including episodes of high energy and activity (mania) and low energy and depression?
a) Anxiety disorder
b) Bipolar disorder
c) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
d) Schizophrenia
b) Bipolar disorder
Which traditional Japanese dish, made from fermented soybeans, is rich in probiotics and is believed to promote gut health?
a) Sushi
b) Miso soup
c) Tiramisu
d) Paella
b) Miso soup
Select three unconventional sources of healthy fats:
a) Spirulina, algae oil, and purslane
b) Camel hump fat, emu oil, and ostrich fat
c) Insect fat, cricket oil, and mealworm butter
d) Moldavian truffle oil, yak butter, and cricket fat
c) Insect fat, cricket oil, and mealworm butter
In salad dressings, which specific form of vitamin plays a pivotal role in aiding calcium absorption in the body?
a) Retinol, also known as vitamin A, plays a crucial role in vision, immune function, and cell growth.
b) Ascorbic acid, or vitamin C, is essential for collagen synthesis, wound healing, and antioxidant defense.
c) Ergocalciferol, or vitamin D2, is a form of vitamin D that can be obtained from plant sources or fortified foods. It aids in calcium absorption and bone health.
d) Phylloquinone, also known as vitamin K1, is essential for blood clotting and bone health.
d) Phylloquinone, also known as vitamin K1, is essential for blood clotting and bone health.
What is the term for an allergic reaction that occurs when the immune system reacts to proteins in certain fruits and vegetables, leading to symptoms such as itchiness or swelling of the mouth and throat?
a) Oral allergy syndrome
b) Celiac disease
c) Histamine intolerance
d) Lactose intolerance
a) Oral allergy syndrome
Which neurotransmitter, often referred to as the "feel-good" neurotransmitter, is influenced by dietary intake and plays a key role in regulating mood?
a) Serotonin (5-HT)
b) Dopamine (DA)
c) GABA
d) Glutamate
a) Serotonin (5-HT)
What is the traditional fermented milk beverage consumed in Mongolia and other Central Asian countries, known for its probiotic properties and health benefits?
a) Kefir
b) Ayran
c) Airag
d) Laban
c) Airag
What are two nuanced physiological benefits associated with consistent physical activity?
a) Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and improved insulin sensitivity
b) Increased neurogenesis and enhanced neuroplasticity
c) Elevated levels of endorphins and improved immune function
d) Enhanced cardiovascular autonomic control and increased lung capacity
a) Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and improved insulin sensitivity
Honey is often lauded for its potential health benefits. Specifically, which unique compound found in honey has been attributed with its antibacterial properties and wound-healing abilities?
a) Fructose, a naturally occurring sugar abundant in honey, is known for its ability to provide energy and sweetness, which will increase the healing process due to the excess of energy.
b) Glucose, a naturally occurring sugar in honey, serves as a readily available source of energy for the body's cells, which increases the growth speed of platelets, macrophages, fibroblasts, epithelial and endothelial cells. All are key players involved in wound healing.
c) Propolis, a resinous substance collected by bees from tree buds and used to seal and sanitize their hives, contributes to honey's antimicrobial properties.
d) Royal jelly, a secretion produced by worker bees to feed larvae and queen bees, is rich in proteins, vitamins, and fatty acids, and is believed to have potential health benefits when consumed.
c) Propolis, a resinous substance collected by bees from tree buds and used to seal and sanitize their hives, contributes to honey's antimicrobial properties.
Which type of antibody is typically involved in allergic reactions, including food allergies?
a) Immunoglobulin A (IgA), an antibody primarily found in mucosal areas such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, serving as the first line of defense against pathogens.
b) Immunoglobulin D (IgD), an antibody primarily found on the surface of B cells, where it acts as a receptor for antigen recognition and B cell activation.
c) Immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody class responsible for allergic reactions, including the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators in response to allergens.
d) Immunoglobulin M (IgM), the first antibody produced by the immune system during the initial response to infection, often serving as a marker of recent or acute infection.
c) Immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody class responsible for allergic reactions, including the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators in response to allergens.
Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of certain mental health disorders. Which mental health condition has been linked to low levels of vitamin D?
a) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
b) Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD)
c) Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
d) Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
c) Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
In European cuisine, which fermented cabbage dish is known for its probiotic properties and is often served as a side dish?
a) Sauerkraut
b) Borscht
c) Ratatouille
d) Paella
a) Sauerkraut