Stress on the Body
General Stress
Sleep
Development
"Give Me an Example"
100
What is the function of the amygdala regarding stress?
The amygdala is like a smoke detector. It waits for smoke (something stressful) then alerts the rest of the body.
100
What is the difference between eustress and distress?
Eustress - It is a level of stress that feels manageable, can improve our cognitive ability, makes us feel amped up
Distress - It is a level of stress that feels unmanageable, harms our cognitive ability, makes us feel psyched out
100
What happens during slow wave sleep?
Growth hormones surge and the body grows and heals.
100
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
Genotype - Our DNA
Phenotype - Expressed traits (blonde hair, height)
100
Give me an example of Type-C "personality".
NO DON'T ITS NOT REAL!
200
While hiking, Timothy sees a bear. What response does his body have?
Sympathetic!
Fight or flight, bronchi dilate, heartbeat gets faster, and inhibits digestion.
200
Jerry feels a bit anxious. Outside of his apartment, cars have been honking all day. He also dropped his favorite coffee mug this morning. What 2 types of stressors did Jerry experience?
Subconscious: cars honking
Daily Hassle: dropping coffee mug
200
What happens during REM sleep?
Brain activity increases and memories get consolidated.
200
What is a possible outcome for newborns who experienced fetal disruptions?
Low birthweight, fetal alcohol disorders, premature birth, having nutritional deficiencies, and more
200
Give me an example of a positive coping strategy! +10 points if you make it a story
Many answers!
300
Explain the effects of cortisol on 1 part of the body. (liver, kidney, brain, immune system)
Liver: releases glucose and fatty acids
Kidney: gets rid of water and retains salt
Brain: more sensitive to stimuli and enhanced memory
Immune System: Priority shifts to be ready for wounds, skin immune function gets better
300
What is a the feed-forward loop in the HPA axis?
The Hypothalamus will become tolerant to cortisol if levels of cortisol stay high. Now the pituitary gland cannot stop releasing ACTH, which causes the adrenal gland to continuously release cortisol.
300
What are 3 effects of sleep deprivation?
300
How does epigenetics change gene expression?
300
Give me a situation in which you can tell that someone has a internal locus of control.
Many answers!
Internal Locus of Control - "I can control this situation", High self-efficacy
400
What are 4 ways that allostatic load negatively affects the body?
Many Answers!: insulin resistance, hypertension, depression, high blood fats, immune dysregulation, inflammation, heart attack, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and more
400
Explain the difference between threat and challenge.
Threat: Anticipated loss - sympathetic response, HPA activation, and distress
Challenge: Possibility of gain or loss - sympathetic response, no HPA response, and eustress (good stress)
400
Explain why a 50 minute nap is not great.
You will wake up during a stage of sleep that will cause you to be more tired. Your body was not ready to wake up.
400
What are 3 ways fetal development can be disrupted?
Many answers!: alcohol, maternal stress, smoking, maternal sickness, some medicines, exposure to chemicals, and more
400
Give an example of someone with an optimistic explanatory style. (Try to make it a story)
Many answers!
Active engagement, perceived control, will ask for help, will seek treatment
500
Explain the HPA Axis's stress response.
500
What are 2 factors that can influence appraisal? Explain how.
Genes, prenatal programming, ACEs, and epigenetics
500
How do stress and sleep interact? (HINT: What does not sleeping do to stress and vice versa)
High levels of stress impair sleep. Stress negatively affects a person's ability to fall asleep. It also harms sleep quality.
Sleep loss triggers stress hormones such as cortisol, which makes this interaction cyclical.
500
What is happening during each trimester of fetal brain development?
Trimester 1: neurons develop, and then multiply
Trimester 2: Neurons migrate (they move to find better locations in the central nervous system), and Neurons branch out
Trimester 3: Pruning, synapse reorganization, and myelination
500
Give a situation where someone is using repressive coping.
Many answers!
Repressive coping - sees self as stable, highly avoidant, actually very unhealthy