BOD
What unit is BOD measured in?
DALY
Explain morbidity
refers to ill health — including disease, injury and disability — in an individual, and the level of ill health in a population.
Explain self assessed health status
A measure based on a person's own opinion about how they feel about their health and wellbeing, their state of mind and their life in general. It is commonly sourced from population surveys.
Explain characteristics of someone with optimal PHWB
high levels fitness, adequate sleep and diet, low levels illness, good functioning of the body and it's systems, good ability to complete daily tasks
Explain YLL
a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death
What is incidence data useful for?
identifying which conditions are increasing in diagnosis and which ones are decreasing. This can assist the government and health organisations in allocating resources and taking action to improve the health status of Australia’s youth.
Explain 2 reasons as to why health status is measured
-it allows judgements to be made about the health and wellbeing of individuals, groups or populations --> With this information, government and non-government organisations can take action to improve health and wellbeing in areas that need it.
-It also allows trends to be identified in health status over time. This can provide valuable feedback on actions that have already been implemented.
Explain how emotional health and wellbeing can impact mental health and wellbeing.
If someone is struggling to manage their emotions (emotional) and are therefore having inappropriate emotional outbursts at school, this may cause them to have negative thought patterns (mental).
How is BOD calculated. Use an example to explain this.
YLL + YLD
What is the difference between incidence and prevalence?
Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a condition in a given period (usually 12 months) whereas prevalence refers to the total number of cases of a condition at a given time
Mortality refers to death, particularly at a population level. What are two ways of considering/measuring mortality:
-Mortality rates
-YLL
Explain how physical and mental HWB are interrelated (2 marks)
If someone is sick (physical) and cannot go to school this may cause them to experience negative thought patterns (mental) as they are unable to see their friends. Due to negative thought patterns, this may result in them neglecting healthy eating, increaing their body weight (physical).
Explain the term BOD
a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY.
Explain why prevalence of a certain condition (e.g. cancer) can decrease?
Prevalence of a condition may decrease when people recover or die from the condition
List 2 of the main causes of death for youth in Australia
Injuries and poisoning
Cancers
Diseases of the nervous system (e.g cerebal palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy)
Cardiovascular diseases
Explain how the dimensions of HWB are interrelated, using 4 dimensions of HWB. (3 marks).
If someone is sick (physical) and cannot go to school this may cause them to experience negative thought patterns (mental) as they are unable to see their friends. Due to negative thought patterns, this may result in them overreacting in different social situations as they may be struggling to manage their emotions (emotional). If they are struggling to manage their emotions and therefore getting mad at their friends very easily this may impact their connections with their friends (social).
Explain (using specific conditions and the terms 'YLL' and 'YLD') how a condition can cause a lot of death and illness while a chronic condition can cause a lot of illness but much less death.
A condition such as cancer can lead to a high number of YLL's and premature death whereas a condition such as iron deficiency anaemia, which is generally not life threatening, can cause a lot of YLDs.
1. Which of the following contribute to the greatest YLL for youth? Explain why.
2. Which of the above do you think contributes to close virtually no YLL's? Explain.
1. Injuries.
2. Skin disorders, musculoskeletal disorders, oral disorders.
Wilfred experiences lukemia from age 15-20, then recovers after successful tream. He then develops lukemia at aged 30 and it gets progressively worse, he the passes away from lukemia at age 39.
What is the total DALY attributed to lukemia?
What is the YLL?
What is the YLD?
DALY = 55
YLD = 14 years
YLL = 41
Identify 4 aspects of PHWB and 4 aspects of MHWB
Fitness, Diet, Sleep, Illness
Confidence, stress, ability to process information, self esteem