Definitions
Physical health and wellbeing
Relates to the functioning of the body and its systems; it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks.
Mortality
The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor
Disability
Relates to an impairment of body structure or function, a limitation in activities or a restriction in participation.
Outline how morbidity differs from mortality
Morbidity is ill health from a disease or illness in a population or group, whereas mortality is the number of deaths in a population or group.
What is burden of disease measured in?
DALY
Mental health and wellbeing
The current state of wellbeing relating to the mind or brain and it relates to the ability to think and process information. A mentally healthy brain enables an individual to positively form opinions, make decisions and use logic. About the wellness of the mind rather than illness.
Morbidity
Refers to ill-health in an individual and the levels of ill-health in a population or group
Burden of Disease
A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries: specifically, it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability.
Explain how education can impact on two health behaviours of youth.
Education equips people with the skills to promote their health and wellbeing by providing them with the knowledge they need to practice health-promoting behaviours and also helps them to cope with ill-health by helping them to make informed healthcare choices. Education increases an individual’s health literacy resulting in a reduced likelihood of unhealthy behaviours such as risk-taking behaviours, tobacco smoking and binge drinking.
Describe the difference in injury rates for male and female young people
On the whole, injury rates for males are much higher than for females. For males, transport accidents are the major cause, while for females, intentional self-harm was the leading reason for hospitalisation.
Social health and wellbeing
Relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations. It also includes the level of support provided by family and within a community to ensure that every person has equal opportunity to function as a contributing member of the society.
Rates of hospitalisation
The number of patients who experience an episode of admitted patient care.
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.
What is self-assessed health status?
Provides an overall measure of a population’s health based on a person’s own perceptions of their health.
Define family
Two or more persons, one of whom is aged 15 years or over, who are related by blood, marriage (registered or de facto), adoption, step or fostering, and who usually reside in the same household.
Emotional health and wellbeing
Relates to the ability to express feelings in a positive way. It is about the positive management and expression of emotional actions and reactions as well as the ability to display resilience. The degree to which you feel emotionally secure and relaxed in everyday life.
Psychological distress
The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Prevalence
The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.
Describe how youth rate their health and wellbeing.
Youth generally rate their health positively. Almost 70 per cent rated their health as being excellent or very good, with fewer than 7 per cent rating their health as poor or fair.
List and describe two ways a family can positively influence youth health and wellbeing
Sun protection behaviours, diet, activity levels, use of health services, exposure to screen time, tobacco use, smoking, alcohol use/misuse and drug use.
Spiritual health and wellbeing
Not material in nature, but relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings. Includes concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on your place in the world. Can be highly individualised; for example, in some spiritual traditions health may relate to organised religion, a higher power and prayer, while in other practices it can relate to morals, values, a sense of purpose in life, connection or belonging.
Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
A measure of the burden of disease; one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.
What are the positive benefits of being employed during youth?
Provide them with an income, offer opportunities to build new social relationships and fulfil social roles, and provide them with the opportunity to learn new skills. Can bring a sense of identity, social status, improved self esteem and renewed purpose in life.
Identify the three most common long-term conditions for youth and suggest reasons why these are the most prevalent conditions.
Respiratory conditions (mainly asthma and hay fever)
Eye conditions
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Describe two ways housing can influence youth health and wellbeing?
Physical health and wellbeing, health status, poor housing, poor access to safe water supply, washing facilities, sanitation and overcrowding.