Valves
Heart Wall
Heart Chambers
Misc
100
The Atrioventricular (AV) valves control the flow of blood from ___ to ___ ?
They control blood flow between atria and ventricles
100
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?
epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
100
The wall that separates atria is known as ____ .
Interatrial septum
100
Why is a lower frequency transducer utilized on adults during a TTE? What is the disadvantage?
It provides excellent depth perception
Disadvantage is decreased resolution
200
What do the valves help ensure in blood flow?
Valves ensure one-way flow of blood through heart
200
Describe the general location of the heart (what side does it lie on, where is the base, where is the apex?)
just left of midline of the mediastinum and just above the diaphragm
base is superior, posterior, rightward direction
apex is inferior, anterior, leftward direction
200
Name 2 of the structures that anchor the mitral valve to the left ventricular wall
chordae tendineae, papillary muscles, annulus fibrosus
200
1. apical anterior
2. apical lateral
3. apical inferior
4. apical septal
300
The valve that separates the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle is known as the ____ .
Tricuspid valve.
300
The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is also known as ___ .
Epicardium
300
Is the left ventricle wall thicker, the same, or smaller than the right ventricle wall? Why?
Thicker, the RV only has to pump blood to the lungs, whereas the LV has the much harder job of pumping the blood throughout the whole body.
300
This valve is the only valve with 2 cusps instead of 3
mitral
400
What is the function of the Semilunar Valves? What are the two semilunar valves?
control flow into great arteries; open and close because of blood flow and pressure.
Pulmonic valve and aortic valve
400
What is the function of the pericardium?
Allows heart to beat without friction, provides room to expand, yet resists excessive expansion
400
The atria receive blood from the ___ .
The ventricles send blood away via ___ .
Veins. (towards heart)
Arteries. (Away)
400
RVIT
500
What 2 valves are referred to as the atrioventricular valves?
Mitral and tricuspid
500
What are the functions of the fibrous skeleton? And what layer of the heart wall makes up this.
Myocardium.
1. Electrical insulation between atria and ventricles; important in timing and coordination of contractile activity
2. Provides structural support and attachment for cardiac muscle and anchor for valve tissue
500
What is the surface feature that correlates with the interatrial septum?
Coronary Sulcus