Love Story
Where is the Heart located?
In the media stinum (area between lungs, behind the sternum, slightly below the trachea)
What is the sack around the heart?
Pericardium
Name the 4 chambers of the heart.
1. Left Atrium
2. Right Atrium
3. Left Ventricle
4. Right Ventricle
DRAW: the 4 chambers of the heart
Show in drawing: both atriums and ventricles
Name the 4 main valves of the heart
1. Tricuspid valve
2. Bicuspid valve
3. Pulmonary valve
4. Aortic valve
Describe the blood flow through the Tricuspid Valve
Flows from the right atrium into the right ventricle
Describe the blood flow through the Bicuspid Valve
Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Describe the blood flow through the Pulmonary Valve
Blood flows from the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk
Describe the blood flow through the Aortic Valve
Blood flows from the left ventricle to the aorta
DRAW: The heart with all the valves
You will have drawn: both atriums, both ventricles, bicuspid valve, tricuspid valve, pulmonary valve, aortic valve
What does the Superior Vena Cava do? (3)
1. Brings blood from the body
2. Above the armpits
Brings in deoxygenated blood from the systemic system
What does the Inferior Vena Cava do? (3)
1. Brings blood from body
2. Below armpits
3. Brings in deoxygenated blood from the systemic system
DRAW: the heart and label all chamber, valves, and vessels
You will have drawn: both atriums, both ventricles, all 4 valves, both vena cavas, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary artery,pulmonary veins
DRAW: The wall of the ventricle and name the layers
You will have drawn: epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Describe the Epicardium (3)
1. On the outside of the heart
2. Slick
3. Has a little bit of areaolar tissue for strength and on the outside is simple squamous tissue
Describe the Myocardium (2)
1. Made of cardiac muscle
2. Thinner in the atriums compared to the ventricles
Describe the Endocardium (3)
1. Membrane living inside of heart
2. Simple squamous sheet of epithelium
3. Very thin and slick
Describe Cardiac Muscle (6)
1. Has capacity of self depolarization (autorhythmic)
2. Calcium ions leak inside
3. AS soon as it contracts it pumps calcium ions out
4. Then it refills with calcium
5. 30 times per minute (every 2 seconds)
6. Reaches threshold before pumping out
What is an intercolated disk?
Flat joining points of cardiac muscle cells that join the cells tightly together
Describe the blood flow through the Systemic System (3)
1. Carries oxygenated lood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart
2. Everything but lungs and heart
3. Leaves left ventricle --> Goes out through the aorta --> Part is diverted to head and most of it goes to the body --> Goes through all the muscle, bones, and guts --> Regathered into the vena cavas --> Brought back to right atrium
Describe the blood flow through the Pulmonary System (2)
1. Carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart, to the lungs, and brings oxygenated blood to the heart
2. Blood leaves through the right ventricle --> Goes out the pulmonary trunk --> Splits --> Goes to each lung --> Percolates through alveoli in lungs --> Picks up oxygen --> Regathers in pulmonary veins --> Gathers in atrium
Describe the blood flow through the Coronary System
Starts from aorta --> Percolates through muscle of heart --> Goes back to coronary sinus and into the atrium
DRAW: draw and label the components of the electrical conduction system of the heart
Draw all 8 steps (see notes)
Describe the Sinoatrial Node (2)
1. Anatomical pacemaker of the heart
2. Node that sets depolarization wave that starts each beat
Describe the Atrioventricular Node (2)
1. The wave of depolarization reaches the atrioventricular node and depolarizes it
2. Holds depolarization for a fraction of a second and then lets it go