You Belong With Me
How does body temperature affect heart rate? (2)
1. Fever= higher heart rate
2. As your temperature goes up your heart rate goes up
What neurotransmitters are involved in setting heart rate? (5)
1. Neurons from the ANS
2. SYmpathetic branch innervates SA Node and releases norepinephrine on the node
3. Norepinephrine causes heart rate to go up
4. Parasympathetic branch- innervates SA Node and releases actylcholine on the SA Node
5. Acetylcholine causes heart rate to go down by blocking calcium entry into cells
What is a heart attack? (3)
1. When a coronary artery becomes blocked (usually by a blood clot), an area of heart tissue loses its blood supply
2. This reduction of blood can quickly damage and/or kill heart tissue, so quick treatment in an emergency department and/or catheterization suite are necessary to reduce the loss of heart tissue
3. Loss of heart tissue due to blockage can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, and even death
What is Coronary Heart Disease? (3)
1. Occurs when plaque, a sticky substance, narrows or partially obstructs coronary arteries and can result in reduced blood flow
2. This reduced blood flow may cause chest pain (angina), a warning sign of potential heart problems such as heart attack
3. Plaque may also trap small blood clots, completely blocking a coronary artery suddenly, resulting in a heart attack
What is Sudden Cardiac Arrest? (3)
1. May occur when the heart's electrical signals become erratic (arrythmias)
2. When the heart tissue is responsible for regular electrical stimulus of heart muscle contractions is damaged, the heart stops effectively pumping blood
3. Death usually occurs in a few minutes after the heart stops pumping blood
What is Arrythmia? (3)
1. Erratic heart beat
2. Heartbeats are abnormally fast, slow, or irregular
3. Irregular electrical impulses
What is Cardiomyopathy?
Condition indicated by abnormal heart muscle making it harder for your heart to pump blood to the rest of the body
What is Congestive Heart Failure? (3)
1. The pumping action of the heart cannot meet the body's demand for blood
2. Does not mean that the heart fails to pump
3. It does mean a failure in the aspect of the heart's ability to complete an otherwise normal function
What is Angioplasty? (4)
1. A thin catheter or tube (stent) is placed in a coronary artery and is threaded through an obstruction like a clot
2. A balloon is inflated and pushes aside the obstruction
3. The balloon is then deflated leaving the artery unblocked, thus allowing good blood flow
4. Often, after angioplasty, an expandable mesh tube is then inserted and expanded, reinforcing the artery to keep it from collapsing
What is BYpass Surgery?
Occurs when a surgeon removes a blood vessel from one part of the body (chest, legs, or arms) and uses it to connect one open part of a coronary artery to another open part, thus bypassing the area that has blocked blood flow. Often the surgeon may need to bypass more than one artery