What are the two branches of the coronary arteries called?
left and right
100
Freebie!
100
What does the prefix iso- mean?
iso=same
100
Which heart chamber is responsible for systemic blood pressure?
Left ventricle
200
What layer of heart is thicker on the left side?
myocardium
200
what does the pulmonary artery carry?
deoxygenated blood
200
What is the difference in refractory period between skeletal and cardiac muscle cells?
Skeletal: 1-2ms
Cardiac: 200ms
200
What is cardiac output the product of?
Stroke volume and heart rate
200
What supports, anchors, and insulates the heart?
Cardiac Skeleton
300
What are the three layers of heart covering?
Fibrous pericardium, parietal and visceral serous membranes
300
What is the function of the coronary sinus?
Drains deoxygenated blood from the heart into the right atrium
300
What are the differences in energy requirements between cardiac and skeletal muscle cells?
Skeletal: can use anaerobic respiration
Cardiac: require oxygen
300
What does the QRS complex mask?
Atrial repolarization
300
How do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems affect heart rate?
sympathetic: increases
parasympathetic: decreases
400
What causes the AV and SL valves to open and close?
Changes in pressure
400
Name the five branches of the left and right coronary arteries?
anterior and posterior interventricular arteries, anterior and posterior marginal arteries, circumflex artery
400
What are the differences in contraction between skeletal and cardiac muscle cells?
Skeletal: contracts in motor units
Cardiac: contracts as a whole, in functional syncytium
400
What does lines crossing on the Cardiac Cycle diagram signify?
The opening or closing of valves
400
What is ectopic focus?
500
What prevents the AV valves from inverting when the ventricles fill with blood?
Chordae tendineae
500
which branch of the coronary arteries is called the widow maker and why?
anterior inter ventricular artery of the left coronary artery - supplies blood to the left ventricle
500
What are the differences in stimulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle cells?
Skeletal: use motor neurons
Cardiac: use autorhythmic cells
500
Explain the difference between a heart beat and a heart sound?
Heartbeat: number of times the heart contracts in one minute
Heart sound: the sound of valves closing (2 per heartbeat)
500
What do EDV and ESV mean?
End diastolic volume: high volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of filling, right before ventricular systole
End systolic volume: low volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of ventricular contraction