Potentials and Graphs
Type of agent that increases slope of ESPVR
What is positive inotrope?
The ejection fraction in a patient where EDV = 150mL and ESV = 100mL
What is 33%?
This type of muscle has gap junctions as part of intercalated discs
What is cardiac muscle?
The name of receptor on sarcoplasmic reticulum that is activated by cytosolic calcium from an extracellular source
What is RYR receptor?
Autonomic receptor on the heart that is activated by norepinephrine
What is beta-1 receptor?
Opening of this channel is responsible for plateau phase of ventricular myocyte action potential
What is L-type calcium channels?
Cardiac output in a patient with:
EDV = 150 mL
ESV = 100 mL
Heart rate = 100 /min
What is 5 L/min?
Increasing this Frank Starling force decreases stroke volume
What is afterload?
Digoxin indirectly decrease activity of this
What is the cardiac Na/Ca exchanger?
Second messenger changes that occur due to M2 receptor stimulation?
What is decrease in cAMP?
Changing this Frank-Starling factor does not change Vmax on the Force-Velocity curve
What is preload?
Mean arterial pressure in a patient with BP of 140/80 mm Hg
What is 100 mm Hg?
This type of muscle does not need extracellular calcium for contraction
What is skeletal muscle?
Sodium funny channels contribute to this phase of the pacemaker action potential
What is Phase 4 (resting membrane potential)?
Phase of pacemaker potential whose rate speeds up with sympathetic stimulation
What is phase 4 (resting membrane potential)?
Increasing the tone of this type of vessel shifts the vascular function curve up and to the right, but there is no change in Mean Systemic Filling Pressure
What are arterioles?
Total peripheral resistance in a patient with:
MAP = 70 mm Hg
CVP = 0 mm Hg
Cardiac Output = 5 L/min
What is 14 mm Hg x L/min?
Constricting this type of blood vessel increases venous return to the heart
What are veins?
Normally, secondary pacemakers become hyperpolarised because of the activity of this pump
What is Na/K ATPase?
The parts of the conduction system with the highest conduction speed
What is bundle branches?
What is Purkinje?
What is AV bundle?
This physiological condition increases both the vascular function curve and cardiac function curve, with no change in right atrial pressure
What is exercise?
Cardiac output in 70kg man with
- O2 consumption of 200mL/min
- pulmonary artery O2 content of 0.15mL O2/mL blood
-pulmonary vein O2 content of 0.2mL O2/mL blood
What is 4 L/min?
Constricting this type of vessel has no direct effect on the mean systemic filling pressure
What are arterioles?
The sodium channel gate that is inactivated during absolute refractory period
What is the h gate?
The last pacemaker to take over if all the other pacemakers fail
What are Purkinje fibers?