Vocab
States
three forms (solid, liquid, gas) in which matter exists
insulator
doesn't conduct heat well
Vaporization
the change from the liquid to the gaseous form of matter
What is a solid
particles that are packed together in relative positions
Why does matter change state?
The release or absorption of thermal energy
heat
thermal energy that is transferred from one substance to another
conductor
conducts heat well
melting
the change from the solid to the liquid form of matter
particles that can move, but don't have a defined shape
liquid
What happens to particles in a melting substance?
particle structure breaks down and move freely
temperature
the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
convection current
a current caused by the rising of heated fluid and sinking of cooled fluid
freezing
the change from the liquid to the solid form of matter
particles that are moving very fast and don't stay close together
gas
What is expansion?
when a substance expands because heat energy is added and molecules are moving quickly
distillation
the separation of mixtures of liquids with different boiling points
Condensation
the change from the gaseous to the liquid form of matter
What causes changes of state?
The absorption of release of thermal energy
can fill available space
gas
What is contraction?
when a substance gets smaller because it loses heat energy and molecules are slowing down
absolute zero
the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter
evaporation
vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid
Describe what happens during vaporization
The particles in the substance move around freely
Give an example of each state of matter
solid
liquid
gas
Provide a real life example for expansion and contraction
thermometer
when liquid is heated it expands and climbs up the tube, when it cools it contracts and flows down in the tube