Particle Theory
According to the particle theory, what do particles of matter do?
What is conduction?
What is thermal energy?
Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
Whats the purpose of a thermostat?
To regulate indoor temperatures by controlling the heating and cooling system.
What are fossil fuels?
Natural resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas that are used for energy.
What happens to particles when a solid is heated?
The particles vibrate more rapidly and may move further apart.
What is convection?
Heat transfer by movements of liquids or gases.
What is the relationship between thermal energy and temperature?
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles, thermal energy is the total kinetic energy.
Describe a central heating systems
A system that heats a single area from a single source, distributing heat through pipes, ducts, or radiators.
What is renewable energy?
Energy that can be replenishes naturally, such as solar and wind energy.
How does the particle model explain the change of state from solid to liquid?
Heat is added, and particles move faster, melting into a liquid.
Give an example of convection in everyday life.
Boiling water
How is temperature measured?
Temperature is measured using a thermometer, typically using Celsius or Fahrenheit.
What is a forced-air system?
A heating system that uses a furnace to heat air and then distributes it through ducts.
Give an example of a non-renewable energy source.
Coal, oil, natural gas
What is the effect of heat on the volume of a solid?
The volume of a solid increases as it expands when heated.
Describe a situation where conduction occurs
Metal spoon getting hot when placed in a hot pot of soup.
Explain how thermal energy can be conserved in a building.
By using insulation, sealing gaps, utilizing energy efficient windows.
Compare local and central heating systems.
Local systems heat individuals rooms from a single source; central systems provide heat from a single source in multiple rooms.
Why is solar energy considered renewable
It is constantly replenished by the sun and is not depleted by use.
Describe the kinetic energy of particles in a gas.
Gas particles have the highest kinetic energy and move freely in all directions.
How does radiation transfer heat?
Through invisible waves without needing a medium (particles)
Insulation reduces heat transfer, keeping warm air in during winter and hot air out during summer.
How does a hot-water heating system work?
Water is heated in a boiler and then circulates through pipes to radiators to warm the air.
Describe the impact of using fossil fuels on the environment.
Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases and pollutants, contributing to climate change and air pollution.