Temperature, Thermal Energy, and Heat
In which of the following objects, would the particles have the least amount of motion?
A. Soda C. Air
B. Steam D. Book
D. Book
What is specific heat?
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree C.
How does the Sun heat the inside of a car?
radiation
The transfer of thermal energy between materials by the collision of particles is __________.
conduction
What are the 3 process that transfer thermal energy?
convection, conduction, and radiation
In which state do particles move the fastest and with little effect on each other?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
C. Gas
What do know about specific heat if a substance requires more energy to raise it's temperature?
it has a higher specific heat.
Type of heat transfer that moves from a warmer object to a cooler object through air or electromagnetic waves.
Radiation
A pot of boiling water is an example of what type of heat transfer?
convection
Imagine you are holding a hot pan over a fire, in which areas would conduction occur?
the handle touching the hot pan and your hand touching the hot handle
Describe the particles when heat is removed from a liquid and it cools?
the energy content decreases and the speed of its particles decreases
If an egg is cracked in a hot pan, which object is undergoing an endothermic /exothermic process?
endo = egg pan = exo
Why are cooking pots and pans usually made of metal?
Metals are better thermal conductors than nonmetals. They are able to quickly transfer thermal energy from the stove burner into the contents of the pots and pans.
What would happen on a hot day if seatbelts were made of metal instead of cloth?
The seatbelts would be very hot because metal is a good thermal conductor and would absorb the heat from sunlight very quickly.
Hot coffee in a mug cools over time and the mug warms up. Describe the heat transfer in this system.
Thermal energy from the coffee is transferred to the mug.
What is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy of the particles in a material?
thermal energy
Iron and water are heated. Iron heats slower than water. Which object has the higher specific heat?
water
Thermal energy from the soup moves to your hands.
Describe the heat transfer that takes place if you burn your tongue after taking a sip of hot chocolate.
Thermal energy moves from the hot chocolate to your tongue. Conduction
In order for heat transfer to take place, one object must be ____________ than the other.
warmer
The measure of the average thermal energy of particles in an object
temperature
Objects: Specific Heat:
Aluminum .9
Copper .385
Iron .444
If all are heated equally, which will be warmer?
Copper
heat from the coffee transferred into the ice cube, which melted the ice
Why can convection only take place in liquids or gases and not in solids?
Because their particles move around easily, but the particles in solids do not move around
At what point does heat transfer stop between 2 objects?
when both objects are the same temperature or equilibrium has been reached