Chapter 5
What is the principal source of food energy?
Carbohydrates
Immediate and long-term stressors are related to an ______ risk of cardiovascular disease.
increased
A condition that is characterized by the death of brain cells due to an insufficient blood supply to the brain.
Stroke
Proteins are made up of smaller units called:
amino acids
It is healthier for a body to be ______-shaped than ______-shaped.
Pear, Apple
There is a small but measurable association between the regular consumption of red meat and processed meats and the risk of developing...(3 possible answers)
Heart disease, diabetes, and colorectal cancer
About ______ of the US population is considered overweight.
68% or 2/3
What is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease in the United States?
Coronary Heart Disease
What is an arrhythmia?
An irregular heartbeat
The primary reason that people are overfat is that their lifestyles do not include sufficient ________ _______ to use up the calories ingested in food.
physical activity
A potato is an example of a ________ ________, whereas table sugar is an example of a(n) ________ ________.
complex carbohydrates, simple sugars
A preoccupation with an imagined defect in one or more of one's body parts which causes considerable personal and social distress and occupational impairment.
body dysmorphic disorder
greater than 140/90 BPM
What is the large artery that carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?
Aorta
Compared to the general population, eating disorders are ______ prevalent among athletes.
More
Most Americans get too much of which two dietary additives?
salt and sugar
Carbohydrates are stored as ____ and fat is stored as ____.
Glycogen, Triglyceride
Excess cholesterol in the blood is processed by which organ?
Liver
Fatty deposits (plaque) built up in the arteries that block the flow of blood
atherosclerosis
You can reduce your risk of cardiovascular disease by getting at least _____ minutes of movement activity per week.
150 minutes
Foodborne illnesses affect millions of Americans each year and are primarily caused by...
bacteria
The principal cause of overweight is consuming more ________ than are expended.
calories
What type of information will an electrocardiogram provide?
Whether a heartbeat is steady or irregular
The 40 chemical substances unable to be manufactured by the body that must be obtained from the environment are called
essential nutrients
________ circulate blood to all of the cells in the body.
Capillaries