Hellenistic Art and Architecture
What was unique about Hellenistic buildings compared to earlier Greek structures?
They were larger and more ornate.
Which philosophy teaches that people should live according to nature and ignore pleasure and wealth?
Cynicism
Which Hellenistic scientist proposed that the earth orbits around the sun?
Aristarchus
Which Egyptian city was a prime example of a Greek-influenced Hellenistic city?
Alexandria
Who was the astronomer who first proposed that the earth revolves around the sun?
Aristarchus
Which wonder of the ancient world was located in Alexandria, Egypt?
The Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos).
What philosophy did Pyrrho found, which suggests people can never know how things really are?
Skepticism
What was one of Archimedes’ significant contributions to agriculture?
The Archimedean Screw, a device that helped farmers bring water uphill to their fields.
What was the main language used for government and official business in Hellenistic cities?
Greek
Who was the last of Alexander the Great's generals to become a king, ruling Egypt?
Ptolemy
How did Hellenistic artists differ from earlier Greek artists in their portrayal of subjects?
Hellenistic artists preferred more natural and active poses.
Which philosophy advises avoiding pain and pursuing pleasure while withdrawing from public life?
Epicureanism
Who is known for describing the basic ideas of geometry during the Hellenistic period?
Euclid
In Hellenistic Egypt, which god was a blend of Greek and Egyptian deities?
Serapis
Which general controlled most of Alexander the Great's empire in Asia, including Persia?
Seleucus
What statue combined both Greek and Egyptian gods and was commissioned by Ptolemy I?
The statue of Serapis.
Who founded Stoicism, the philosophy that emphasizes self-discipline and emotional control?
Zeno
What other invention did Archimedes design that was used in warfare?
A war machine that could lift a fully loaded ship out of the water.
How did the cultural landscape of rural areas in Hellenistic Egypt differ from the cities?
Rural areas were more traditional and less influenced by Greek culture.
Who was the Egyptian queen who became an ally of Julius Caesar and Mark Antony?
Cleopatra VII
Why did Hellenistic rulers build large and ornate buildings?
To symbolize their power and greatness.
How did Hellenistic philosophers differ from earlier Greek philosophers?
They focused on practical ways to achieve happiness rather than abstract theories.
What did Hellenistic scientists primarily focus on in their research?
Conducting experiments to understand how the physical world worked.
What role did women have in Hellenistic Egypt compared to Greek city-states?
Hellenistic women had more rights, such as owning property and running businesses, but still had fewer rights than men.
Who was the general that became the king of Macedonia after Alexander's death?
Antigonus