BLOA
SCLOA
CLOA ("psych" explanations)
misc. "Helping"
evaluating Studies
100
This study measured the degree to which imitating mannerisms during an encounter affected a subjects willingness to help.
What is Van Baaren et al. 2004
100
Latáne & Darley studied this in 1968.
What is diffusion of responsibility?
100
This theory proposed by Schaller and Cialdini in '88 explains why people walk away from helping others for egoisitic purposes
What is negative-state relief model
100
predicts that the degree of altruism depends on the number of genes shared by individuals
What is the kin selection theory
100
One confounding variable in Piliavin et al. (1969) is...
What is the number of people around the drunk man/old man?
200
how does the prisoner's dilemma represent Reciprocal Altruism Theory, rather than Kin Selection Theory?
Prisoner's don't have to be related. Kin Selection Theory would predict that prisoners will 'help' their co-prisoner by staying silent in interrogation, depending on their genetic similarity (family ties). However, animals like the remora help the shark and vice-versa, despite no genetic ties. Humans may well have evolved with this 'tendency to help' if help is likely to be coming back to them. (prisoner's dilemma if there are several iterations).
200
Latàne & Darley studied these (2) in 1969
What is pluralistic ignorance and informational social influence?
200
Van Baaren et. al conducted a study in 2004 that suggested this biological process affected our empathy for those we are speaking with
What are mirror neurons firing due to body motions being mimicked?
200
Dawkins refered to this theory as the "selfish gene theory" in '76
What is kin selection theory
200
An extrainious variable in Bateson and Darley 73' Good Samaritan study that was hard to control
What is participant getting lost taking different direction other people helping passed out confederate other people in alleyway if participant didn't see confederate if participant has distractions (friends, food, book, ect.)
300
these researchers focused on Prisoner's Dilemma games to study why people help.
Who are Axelrod & Hamilton
300
Shotland & Straw studied this in 1976
What is "social norms and how they affect helping"?
300
Explain the meaning of Altruism and how its definition differs from that of pro-social behavior
Altruism - helping another for no reward or even at cost Pro-Social - benefits another or has positive soc. conseq.'s
400
What is a criticism of reciprocal altruism theory when applied to humans?
Humans far more influenced by culture than other species. Although humans DO help kin more than non, behaviors like adoption seem to go beyond the explanation of a purely biological model.
400
This theory supports Pillavin's (1969) study
What is the social exchange theory
500
What is Kin Selection Theory? How have researchers tried to support it? What is a criticism of it?
altruism depends on number of genes shared by individuals empirical studies with animals, human culture is far more complex than animal culture / researchers like Dawkins assume genes CAUSE behavior / doesn't explain the existence of seemingly altruistic behaviors among humans.
500
These were the independent and dependent variables in Latané & Darley's study of 1969.
What is the amount of people around the subject (IV) and how often the subject helped (DV) the fallen experimenter.
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