H&P
This anemia presents with pica, koilonychia, and pagophagia.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
A patient with microcytic anemia and normal RDW is most likely to have this hereditary disorder.
What is thalassemia?
A patient with macrocytic anemia, glossitis, and peripheral neuropathy likely has this deficiency.
What is vitamin B12 deficiency?
Patients with sickle cell disease require prophylaxis with this antibiotic until age 5.
What is penicillin?
The antidote for heparin overdose is this medication
What is protamine sulfate?
The most common side effects (2) of oral iron.
What is nausea and constipation?
Earliest precursor blood cell.
Painful swelling of hands and feet in a toddler is often the first manifestation of this hereditary hemoglobinopathy.
What is sickle cell disease?
Heinz bodies and bite cells on peripheral smear are characteristic of this enzymatic deficiency.
What is G6PD deficiency?
Pancytopenia with hypercellular marrow is characteristic of this premalignant marrow disorder.
What is myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)?
Patients with hemochromatosis should avoid this dietary substance to limit iron absorption.
What is vitamin C supplementation?
First-line treatment for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is this therapy.
What are corticosteroids?
Patients with HIT should be switched to this type of anticoagulant.
What are direct thrombin inhibitors? (e.g. argatroban)
Fragmented red blood cells that result from intravascular destruction.
What is schistocytes?
Recurrent nosebleeds, heavy menstrual bleeding, and prolonged bleeding after dental procedures suggest this inherited disorder.
What is von Willebrand disease?
Rouleaux formation on peripheral smear is most consistent with this plasma cell malignancy.
What is multiple myeloma?
An obese, middle-aged smoker with headache and pruritus after hot showers likely has this myeloproliferative disorder.
What is polycythemia vera?
This medication can be used when starting a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) to reduce risk of hyperuricemia and urate nephropathy.
What is allopurinol?
Patients with acute sickle cell pain crises require this immediate intervention.
What is aggressive IV hydration?
Oral iron is best absorbed when taken with this beverage.
What is orange juice?
This protein defect leads to iron accumulation in hemochromatosis.
What is HFE gene mutation?
A patient with lymphadenopathy, night sweats, weight loss, and pruritus may be describing the “B symptoms” associated with this malignancy.
What is lymphoma?
Prolonged PTT that corrects with mixing study indicates this category of disorders.
What are clotting factor deficiencies? (e.g.hemophilia A/B)
Fever, microangiopathic hemolysis, kidney injury, thrombocytopenia, and neurologic symptoms constitute the pentad of this emergency.
What is TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)?
Patients with this platelet disorder should be discouraged from participating in high-impact sports/activities and helmets should be worm in sports and activities with possible head injury.
What is von Willebrand Disease?
Immediate infusion of factor VIII concentrate is required for severe bleeding in this bleeding diathesis.
What is hemophilia A?
This medication is the mainstay of treatment for sickle cell disease to increase fetal hemoglobin.
What is hydroxyurea?
This mutation causes a valine substitution for glutamic acid at the 6th position of beta-globin.
What is the sickle cell mutation (HbS)?
A child with insidious pain in extremities and joints, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly should be worked up for this condition.
What is acute lymphocytic leukemia?
This panel uses markers like CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 to quantify Tregs in blood or tissues.
What is flow cytometry?
A peripheral blood smear showing small lymphocytes and smudge cells likely indicates this pathology.
What is chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
Patients with pernicious anemia require regular screening for this type of endocrine disease.
What is thyroid disease?
Infusion of Factor IX concentrate is required with severe bleeding in this bleeding diathesis.
What is hemophilia B?
CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, oncovin, and prednisone) are often used to treat this hematologic malignancy.
What is Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
B symptoms in lymphoma are caused primarily by elevations of these cytokines.
What are IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha?