Iron deficiency
What lab value indicates a patient's iron stores?
ferritin
What do patients who develop pernicious anemia lack?
intrinsic factor- protein in the stomach that aids in vitamin B12 absorption
what medication can be used to reduce the frequency of sickle cell crises?
hydroxyurea- helps keep red blood cells round and improve blood flow
what are major risk factors for DVT formation?
surgery, prolonged immobility, bedrest, obesity, cancer, smoking, older age
What lab value needs to be monitored for patients on Warfarin?
INR levels
Which symptoms are commonly reported by patients with iron deficiency anemia?
what instruction should be given to patients taking oral vitamin b12 supplements?
take with food for better absorption
what causes sickle cell anemia?
a genetic mutation of hemoglobin that causes sickling of red blood cells
what are the most common signs of a DVT?
unilateral leg swelling, pain, edema, redness
what is a common side effect of anticoagulants?
bleeding risk, bruising
What can iron supplements be taken with to improve absorption?
vitamin C
what symptom is unique to vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?
neurological symptoms- neuropathy and visual changes
what are some triggers of a sickle cell crisis?
dehydration, cold exposure, altitude, infection/illness, stress
what are the most common symptoms of a PE?
sudden chest pain, pain with breathing, shortness of breath, tachycardia, coughing, anxiety, dizziness
what should patients taking warfarin maintain a consistent intake of?
vitamin K
what side effects can patients taking oral iron supplements expect?
constipation, black tarry stools, GI upset, nausea
what treatment is used for pernicious anemia?
vitamin B12 intramuscular injections
what is the most common symptom of a sickle cell crisis?
severe pain
what is the most serious complication of a DVT?
a PE- if the clot dislodges it may travel to the lungs
what lab values need to be routinely monitored for patients on apixaban (eliquis)?
none- this medication does not require routine lab monitoring
What will reduce absorption of iron supplements?
calcium, calcium containing foods, antacids
what happens if vitamin B12 deficiency remains untreated?
patients may develop permanent neurological deficits and spinal cord damage
what patient teaching is important for sickle cell patients?
hand hygiene, make sure they get recommended vaccines, stay away from sick people
why is a pulmonary embolism a life threatening condition?
it impairs oxygenation by blocking blood supply to part of the lung
what lab is monitored for patients receiving IV heparin infusions?
PTT levels