Hematology
Iron is most readily absorbed from which food?
What is meats, poultry, fish. Good sources: Wheat, broccoli, potatoes, legumes
Infection plus 2 or more SIRS and at least 1 sign of organ dysfunction.
What is severe sepsis
Loss of fluid and electrolytes through sweating is this type of fluid loss: _____
Insensible fluid loss
These 3 types of infections are the most common causes of sepsis
What is pneumonia, UTI, and wounds/cellulitis?
Screening tool used for all admitted patients to predict alcohol withdrawal
PAWSS
Throbocytopenia, bleeding, petechiae, ecchymosis are signs of this.
What is low platelet count
Lactate, blood cultures, and antibiotics must be done.
What is within 1 hour of recognition of sepsis symptoms?
Vitamin D aids in this electrolytes absorption in the body.
Calcium
The use of this device increases a patient's risk for Urosepsis
What is a foley catheter?
Aspects of CIWA that are visible to the clinician
Anxiety, agitation, tremor, sweating, vomiting
Stay with patient for how long when starting a blood transfusion?
What is 15 minutes
The Gold Standard for initiating antibiotics and fluids
What is within one hour of severe sepsis time zero?
The primary function of this electrolyte is to control osmolarity and water balance. It also facilitates nerve and muscle impulses.
Sodium
This substance is produced in response to bacterial infections and also in response to tissue injury. Usually undetectable in healthy states but rises in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli.
What is procalcitonin
Time period in which Delirium Tremens can develop.
48-96 Hours
Signs of transfusion reaction to report?
What is warm feelings, chills, itching, feeling of weakness or faintness, or difficulty breathing
When glucose is metabolized without oxygen this acid is formed in sepsis, an indicator of hypoxia to the tissues.
What is lactic acid
Type of osmolarity: fluids have greater osmotic pressure than cells -> water pulling from inside cells to outside -> cells shrinking and plasma expanding: _____
Hypertonic or hyperosmotic
Organisms that have the potential to cause sepsis
What are bacteria, virus, and fungus?
This is a kind of respiratory monitoring employed in alcohol withdrawal
What is SpO2 and possibly EtCO2
Elevated in diseases that activate the inflammatory response.
What is erythrocyte sed rate (ESR)
This is the number one organ failure found in sepsis
What is kidney failure
4 symptoms of fluid volume deficit:
Thirst, altered LOC, hypotension, tachycardia, weak/thready pulse, flat jugular veins, dry mucous membranes, oliguria, weight loss
You will see decreased amounts of these sticky blood cells and and increased risk of bleeding as a result with DIC.
What are platelets
Besides CIWA, what other clinical scale can you use to monitor alcohol withdrawal?
RASS (Richmond agitation sedation scale)