What's your Diagnosis?
Most common childhood leukemia
ALL
This lab measures the intrinsic clotting pathway
PTT
Stimulates neutrophil production after chemotherapy
Neupogen
Priority nursing intervention post bone marrow aspiration
monitor for bleeding
watch for infection
pain control
Environmental trigger sickle cell patients should avoid
High altitudes
anything that causes decreased O2
dehydration
Major risk after splenectomy
Infection
Used to treat severe anemia
PRBC's
Malignant condition associated with Reed-Sternberg cells
Hodgkin lymphoma
This lab is often critically low in aplastic anemia.
WBC/ANC
Used to reduce sickling episodes.
Hydroxyurea
Priority care for sickle cell crisis
Oxygen, hydration, pain control
Name 2 things neutropenic patients should avoid
crowds/sick people
unprocessed foods
raw meats
fresh flowers/plants
life-threatening complication of severe neutropenia
infection
fever
Used for thrombocytopenia
Platelets
bone marrow failure causing pancytopenia
Aplastic anemia
Presence of this on a peripheral smear or CBC w/diff may indicate leukemia.
Blast cells
Replaces missing clotting factor in hemophilia A
Factor VIII
Priority for neutropenic fever
Cultures and antibiotics
SLE patients can trigger flare-ups by what 2 things
sun exposure
stress
disease that destroys bone and has Bence Jones protein in urine
Multiple myeloma
Contains clotting factors
FFP
Can progress to AML
MDS
Elevated PT, PTT, d-dimer and low fibrinogen are associated with this disorder
DIC
A medication used for maintenance for SLE
hydroxychloroquine
Priority after injury in hemophilia
Assess for bleeding
Hemophilia patients should avoid this medication
aspirin
Decrease in platelets after starting Heparin
HIT
Reversal agent for heparin
Medication to use for pt's with allergy to heparin
Removes antibodies in sever lupus flare
plasmapheresis
Which leukemia has the Philadelphia chromosome
CML
Positive ANA, anti-DNA, and anti-Sm indicate this disease.
SLE
Used in MDS to stimulate RBC production
Erythropoietin
Priority treatment for DIC
Treat underlying cause
Ways to decrease calcium levels in a multiple myeloma patient
hydration
calcitonin
lasix
What is the rationale for prescribing prednisone for a patient with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)?
Name the 4 Hemophilia's and the missing factor
A-Factor VIII
B-Factor IX
C-Factor XI
VonWillebrand's -vWF
What is leukostasis?
WBC >100,000
A patient with DIC has bleeding from IV sites Which lab is decreased?
Fibrinogen
2 immunosuppressants used for SLE and patient education facts
Methotrexate - don't get pregnant
hydroxchloroquine - eye appts
most aggressive stage of chemotherapy
Induction phase
What is nadir phase?
Difference between passive and active immunity
passive is temporary, immediate protection
active is long-term, antibodies are developed
naturally acquired from having a disease
artificially acquired from the vaccine
Name 4 things that help or strain your immune & your hematology systems
positive attitude - increases lymphocyte cells
negative emotions - strain immune system
adequate sleep
diet-Iron, Vit B12, Folic acid
Name the 5 immunoglobulins and their characteristics
IgG - only cross placenta and provid newborn with passive immunity
IgA-line mucus membranes - saliva, tears, breast milk
IgM-antibodies to ABO blood antigens
IgD-differentiation of B Lymphocytes
IgE-cuase symptoms of allergic reaction