Heparin
This is the primary goal of anticoagulation therapy.
What is promoting anticoagulation while minimizing hemorrhagic complications through monitoring?
Warfarin prevents clot formation by interfering with this vitamin-dependent process.
What is vitamin K-dependent clotting factor production?
DOACs like apixaban and rivaroxaban work by inhibiting this clotting factor.
What is factor Xa?
Aspirin’s antiplatelet effect lasts for this many days after stopping it.
What is 8–9 days?
This lab test should be monitored regularly in patients taking clopidogrel.
What is CBC (complete blood count)?
This population requires higher folic acid intake to support fetal development.
Who are pregnant women?
This is the recommended time to start ART after an HIV diagnosis.
What is immediately (or as soon as the diagnosis is confirmed)?
This type of heparin is administered IV or subcutaneously and requires aPTT monitoring.
What is unfractionated heparin (UFH)?
Warfarin doesn’t work right away. It takes this many days to reach full effect.
What is 3 to 7 days?
DOACs are commonly used to prevent clots in this irregular heart rhythm.
What is nonvalvular atrial fibrillation?
Aspirin should be used with caution or avoided during this trimester of pregnancy.
What is the third trimester (Category D)?
The antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel last for about this many days after stopping the drug.
What is 5 days?
This vitamin deficiency causes pernicious anemia.
What is Vitamin B12?
This lab marker is preserved by suppressing HIV replication through ART.
What is CD4 T-cell count?
This type of heparin is typically administered subcutaneously, requires less monitoring, and has a more predictable effect.
What is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)?
Warfarin is absolutely contraindicated in this condition
What is pregnancy?
This reversal agent can rapidly reverse dabigatran.
What is idarucizumab (Praxbind)?
Patients should discard aspirin tablets if they smell like this.
What is vinegar?
This age group should not receive a loading dose of clopidogrel.
Who are patients older than 75 years?
This condition is a contraindication to erythropoietin therapy.
What is uncontrolled hypertension?
These are two medical situations where ART may be temporarily interrupted.
What are severe drug toxicity and surgery requiring the patient to stop oral therapy?
The first step in managing suspected heparin-induced bleeding.
What is stopping the heparin?
The typical INR goal for most patients on warfarin is within this range.
What is 2.0 to 3.0?
The short half-life of DOACs means this is not needed for minor procedures.
What is bridging therapy?
This condition can develop if aspirin toxicity is not recognized and treated. One early warning sign is ringing in the ears.
What is salicylate toxicity (signaled by tinnitus)?
Patients should avoid this food while taking clopidogrel.
What is grapefruit/ grapefruit juice?
Taking iron with this beverage enhances its absorption.
What is orange juice (or vitamin C)?
This is the maximum time window after exposure for PEP to be effective.
What is 72 hours?
This is a relative contraindication for UFH use but not for LMWH.
What is pregnancy?
In emergencies, this reversal agent works faster than vitamin K alone.
What is Kcentra or fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?
Unlike warfarin, DOACs do not require this routine blood test.
What is INR testing?
When a stroke or TIA is suspected, aspirin is typically paired with this drug if started within 24 hours.
What is clopidogrel?
This proton pump inhibitor should not be taken with clopidogrel.
What is omeprazole?
Erythropoietin is often co-administered with this to enhance its effectiveness.
What is iron?
This PrEP regimen is approved for both men and women.
What is Truvada (Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate + Emtricitabine)?