Blood
his type of blood cell is responsible for transporting oxygen.
What are erythrocytes?
These are the upper chambers of the heart.
What are atria?
This valve controls blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.
What is the tricuspid valve?
This is the maximum pressure during ventricular contraction.
What is systolic pressure?
This is the equation for cardiac output.
What is CO = Stroke Volume × Heart Rate?
This is the percentage of red blood cells in relation to the total blood volume.
What is hematocrit?
These lower chambers of the heart pump blood out of the heart.
What are ventricles?
This is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood.
What is the pulmonary artery?
This pressure reflects organ perfusion and should be ≥60 mmHg.
What is mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
This is the amount of stretch in the ventricles at the end of diastole.
What is preload?
This protein is the primary substance in RBCs responsible for carrying oxygen.
What is hemoglobin?
This sac encloses the heart and prevents it from overfilling.
What is the pericardium?
Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs through these vessels.
What are the pulmonary veins?
This is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute.
What is cardiac output (CO)?
This is the resistance the left ventricle must overcome to eject blood.
What is afterload?
These blood cells protect the body against viruses, parasites, toxins, and tumors.
What are leukocytes?
This middle layer of the heart wall is responsible for contraction.
What is the myocardium?
Blood flows through this valve before entering the aorta.
What is the aortic valve?
This pressure measures blood returning to the heart and right atrial pressure.
What is central venous pressure (CVP)?
A decrease in this force is referred to as negative inotropism
What is myocardial contractility?
Also called platelets, these cells initiate clot formation at sites of injury.
What are thrombocytes?
This artery supplies the heart with oxygen-rich blood.
What are the coronary arteries?
This valve controls blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.
What is the mitral (or bicuspid) valve?
This pressure is used to estimate left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.
What is pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)?
The three factors that determine stroke volume.
What are preload, afterload, and contractility?