Traits, Genes, and Heredity
What is heredity?
Heredity is the passing of genetic material from parent to offspring.
What is a Punnett Square?
A Punnett Square is a graphic used to predict the possible genotypes for each offspring in a given cross.
What is DNA?
DNA is the genetic material in cells that is contained in a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid.
Who discovered heredity and what did he use to discover it?
Gregor Mendel is said to have "discovered heredity" and he used smooth and wrinkled pea seeds to discover heredity.
What is a base pair?
A base pair is 2 bases joined together.
What is a trait?
A trait is the different forms.
What is a pedigree?
A pedigree is another graphic used to trace the occurrence of a trait or disease through generations of a family.
What does DNA look like and when are copies of DNA made?
DNA is in the shape of a double helix. Copies of DNA are made when the cell prepares to divide. Copies of DNA are made with the process called replication.
How was DNA discovered?
DNA was discovered with contributions from around the world.
What is the job of hydrogen bonds?
These bonds keep attached the two bases.
What is an acquired trait?
An acquired trait is a trait that is not passed down from parent to offspring and is learned over the course of life. Ex. basketball skills
What is probability and what can it be used for?
Probability is the mathematical chance of a specific outcome in relation to the total number of the possible outcome. This can be used for predicting how children would look like.
How are copies of DNA made?
Copies of DNA are made with the process called replication.
Who earned the noble prize for discovering DNA's shape and why did Rosalind Franklin not get the prize?
Watson,Crick, and Wilkins earned the noble prize for using Rosalind Franklin's x-ray photo of a DNA strand. She did not get it because she died earlier of ovarian cancer.
What is it called when there is a sugar, a phosphate, and a base in the same group?
A nucleotide.
How are traits inherited?
Traits are inherited when genes are passed down from parents to offspring, when genes influence traits, when many genes can influence a single trait, when a single gene can influence many traits, or the environment can influence traits.
What is ratio and what can it be used for?
Ratio is an expression that compares 2 quantities and it can be used for comparing kids who have a surtain trait to kids who don't have it.
What is a mutation?
A mutation is when there is a change in the number, type, or order 0f bases on a segment of DNA.
What did Gregor Mendel discovered about heredity?
He discovered that traits depend on inherited factors.
What are the 4 bases seen in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine ,Cytosine, and Guanine