Heredity
a characteristic of a species, such as size or shape
Character
a form of a character such as tall or short or inflated or pinched
trait
What is phenotype?
the trait an organism expresses as determined by its genotype
The trait that is hidden in a hybrid
recessive
Genes
The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next
Heredity
Hybrid
Heterozygous
An organism that has 2 identical alleles for a trait
Homozygous
What is a number that describes how likely an event is to occur?
Probability
An organism that always produces descendants with the same trait for a specific character
purebred
Is it possible for a homozygous dominant parent to have offspring that exhibit the recessive gene? Why or why not?
No.
Alleles
What were the percentages of dominant and recessive phenotypes in all of Mendel's second-generation offspring?
3/4 dominant
1/4 recessive
When Mendel began crossing peas, did he use purebred or hybrid plants?
They were purebred
In the first generation of offspring in Mendel's experiments, what percentage of the offspring exhibited the dominant trait? What percentage of the offspring exhibited the recessive trait?
100% dominant
If black is a dominant trait, what would the genotype be for a heterozygous parent? (Use the letter b)
Bb
If yellow is dominant over green, what is the phenotype for a parent that is heterozygous?
Yellow
If gray is dominant over white, what would the genotype be for a parent who is gray but whose dad was white?
Gg, hybrid, heterozygous
If tall is dominant over short, what would the genotype be for a short plant? (use the letter t)
tt
How many alleles does an offspring receive from each parent?
One from each parent.
Which principle of heredity states that one trait can mask or hide another- in a cross of purebred parents, all offspring will show the dominant trait
The principle of Dominance in Heredity
Which principle of heredity states that the female contributes one factor and the male another- two alleles for a parent's gene separate and then combine with the other parent's alleles to determine the offspring's trait
The principle of Segregation in Heredity
What do we use to predict the probability of a certain trait?
Punnett Squares
What is a pattern of inheritance in which there are only 2 alleles and the dominant trait is always expressed in a hybrid?
Simple Dominance
Which principle of heredity states that a parent passes each allele to its offspring independently of all other alleles
The Principle of Independent Assortment