Copy Machine
Copying a gene from DNA into RNA is called this. (Hint: think of "transcribing" or writing something down)
RNA usually has this many strands, while DNA has two.
1 strand (single stranded)
Building a protein by reading mRNA is called this.
Translation
What is a codon?
A 3 base sequence that encodes for an amino acid
The "messenger" copy of a gene that travels out of the nucleus is called this. (Hint: the "m" stands for messenger)
mRNA
This is the sugar in RNA. (Hint: DNA's sugar is "deoxy-" this)
Ribose sugar
This cell part reads the mRNA and links amino acids together.
Ribosome
The codon AUG codes for this amino acid and also means "start." (Hint: abbreviated Met)
Methionine
This enzyme attaches to a gene, unzips the DNA, and builds the mRNA copy. (Hint: its name ends in "polymerase")
RNA Polymerase
After transcription, mRNA travels out to this jelly-like part of the cell where ribosomes work. (Hint: starts with "cyto")
cytoplasm
The ribosome reads mRNA in groups of this many letters.
Use the Codon Table: the mRNA codon UUU builds this amino acid. (Hint: abbreviated Phe)
Phenylaline
Transcription happens in this part of the cell, where the DNA is kept. (Hint: the control room)
Nucleus
RNA uses this base instead of thymine (T).
U (Uracil)
This "delivery driver" RNA brings the right amino acid to the ribosome.
tRNA (transfer RNA)
Codons like UAA and UGA tell the ribosome to do this.
Stop (stop codons)
If the DNA template reads T-A-C, the mRNA copy reads this. (Hint: T pairs with A, A pairs with U, C pairs with G)
A-U-G
What does RNA stand for?
Ribo-nucleic acid
Amino acids link up into a long chain called this. (Hint: "poly" means many)
Polypeptide
Name the three-step flow of information in a cell, from DNA to a protein.
Central Dogma (DNA to RNA to Protein)