Labs
The normal range of potassium.
What is 3.5-5.0 mmol/L?
This population of patients with certain recent illnesses should not receive aspirin due to what impending toxicity?
Who are children and teens with recent chickenpox or flu illness.
What is salicylate toxicity. Volume depletion, hyperventilation, fever, increased metabolic activity.
This flavor juice is associated with many medication interactions and cause too much of the medication to remain in the body.
What is grapefruit juice?
A nurse caring for a patient who received a double dose of Fentanyl should prepare to administer this medication.
The nurse educates a patient regarding administration of this medication that should not be chewed or crushed and should be taken 30 minutes before meals.
What is a proton pump inhibitor capsule.
The A1C goal for for diabetic patients
What is equal to or less than 6.5%?
A patient that presents with the following symptoms is presenting this toxicity.
rapid heart rate, diarrhea, irregular heart rhythm, weakness, confusion, elevated temperature (heat intolerant)
What is thyroid storm.
From unresolved hyperthyroidism or too much thyroid replacement (Levothyroxine)
Patients with a penicillin allergy should also avoid this class of medications.
What are cephalosporin antibiotics.
A patient enters the ED with signs of benzodiazepine overdose. The nurse anticipates an order for this medication.
It is important that patients understand to never take tetracyclines with these foods/drink.
What are dairy products.
Calcium binds to the antibiotic and prevents gut absorption.
0.6 - 1.2 mEq/L is the therapeutic range for what mood stabilizing drug?
What is Lithium?
What is succinylcholine.
Patients with an allergy to sulfonamides - sulfa antibiotics - should also not take these medications. (list at least two)
What are silver sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim, Septra), sumatriptan (Imitrex), celecoxib (celebrex), furosemide (lasix), glyburides (Diabeta)
The nurse receives an order for acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) for a patient who is being sent over to the ED. The nurse expects an overdose of this medication.
What is acetaminophen. Prevents liver damage.
What is Vancomycin
What is redman syndrome
The normal therapeutic levels of digoxin
What is 0.5-2 ng/mL
Food substance to be avoided when taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors to avoid hypertensive crisis.
What is Tyramine
This class of medications should be used cautiously in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, BPH, urinary retention, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
What are anticholinergics.
Cholinergic crisis
Use cholinergic miotics for glaucoma.
These antidotes are given with anticoagulant medications for which elevated lab values?
What is protamine sulfate:Heparin: elevated PTT
What is Vitamin K: Coumadin: elevated PT/INR
The nurse administering this drug should remember to never administer it via IV push an should always dilute it to prevent ventricular tachycardia and phlebitis.
What is IV Potassium.
This lab is normal when it is between 0-35 units/.
What is the normal range of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
(Elevated with liver disease)
Hypokalemia is the primary concern for toxicity of this medication, which presents with symptoms including anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysrhythmias, and visual disturbances (halo ring).
What is Digoxin.
Toxic levels >2ng/mL
Increases myocardial contractility
What are erectile dysfunction medications like sildenafil and tadalafil.
A patient has decreased to absent reflexes, bradypnea, hypotension, and decreased to absent urine output. The nurse expects magnesium sulfate toxicity and prepares this medication.
What is Calcium gluconate
The nurse knows he/she should hold this class of medications for a patient with signs of irritability, tremors, sweating, jittery, and hypothermia.
Antidiabetics: Insulin or oral sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, glyburide), dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (Glipizide, acarbose)
Do not cause hypoglycemia: Biguanides (Metformin), Incretin mimetics (Byetta, Victoza), (jardiance, invokana, farxiga)