Basic Elements of Anatomy
The standard position used when referring to structures of the human body
What is the anatomical position?
This muscle seals the bottom of the thoracic cavity
What is the diaphragm?
The instrument used to measure lung volume
What is a spirometer?
The "voice box" that has both biological and nonbiological functions
What is the larynx?
Audible disturbance in a medium
What is sound?
Nerve fibers that transmit sensory information to the CNS vs. motor commands from the CNS
What is afferent vs. efferent?
The number and names of the lobes in the right lung
What is three; superior, middle and inferior?
This capacity is comprised of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume and expiratory reserve volume
What is vital capacity?
Food or drink can pool in this pair of spaces in a patient with dysphagia
What are the valleculae?
The nonspeech functions of the larynx
What are: protection of the airway (e.g., coughing), abdominal fixation, swallowing, breathing and laryngeal dilation?
A type of movement where two ventral surfaces come together as a result of bending at a joint
What is flexion?
These muscles elevate the ribcage during the process of inspiration
What are the external intercostals?
This type of pressure is always negative during respiration
What is intrapleural pressure?
The cricothyroid and cricoarytenoid joints are examples of this joint type
What is a synovial (or diarthorodial) joint?
The use of an endoscope to observe the structures of the larynx and pharynx
What is laryngoscopy?
These four types of tissue are the building blocks for human body systems
What are epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous?
These muscles elevate the rib cage and stabilize the vertebral column
What are the posterior thoracic muscles?
This volume increases during snorkeling
What is dead space air?
This supportive layer of the true vocal folds is characterized by unstretchable collagen fibers
What is the deep lamina propria?
Two of the three pitch-related elements of the vocal folds that are adjusted by muscular contraction
What are VF tension and length?
The term for the network of laryngeal structures that collectively work for the production of voiced sound
What is the phonatory system?
The path followed by deoxygenated blood for gas exchange, ending in the capillaries of the alveoli
What is the right ventricle, then pulmonary artery, then alveoli?
This force decreases compliance within the lungs and makes them more difficult to expand
What is surface tension?
These muscles are responsible for tensing the vocal folds
What are the pars recta and pars oblique of the cricothyroid, and thyrovocalis muscles?
A growth that can form on one or both vocal folds after one instance of vocal abuse vs. long-term vocal abuse
What is a vocal polyp?