Unit 7- Ecosystems & invasive species
What are abiotic factors? Include examples.
a non-living part of an ecosystem. Ex- rock, sunlight, water, etc.
*Remember, abiotic factors play a role in the environment*
What are examples of limited resources in an ecosystem?
Food, shelter, mate, predator, water, etc
What is the function of the digestive system?
Break down food into smaller molecules.
What is a mutation?
A mistake in the DNA sequence
Explain how an increased pulse rate during exercise helps to maintain homeostasis in an organism.
- An increased pulse rate delivers more oxygen and nutrients to muscle cells.
- An increased pulse rate allows for wastes to be removed from cells more quickly.
What is an autotroph?
An organism that makes its own food. Ex- plants, algae
Which gas covers Earth like a blanket?
Carbon dioxide
What body system functions in gas exchange?
What is the function of an enzyme?
- Help speed up metabolism or the chemical reactions in our bodies.
- Build substances or break others down.
Explain what happens to a cell when placed in distilled water and why.
In distilled water the cell increases in mass until it pops because the concentration of water goes from low to high. (Water enters the cell)
What is the purpose of a phylogenetic tree/evolutionary tree/cladogram?
A digram showing evolutionary relationships of organisms with common ancestor.
What is deforestation and why is it harming the environment?
Deforestation is the large scale destruction of trees. Deforestation impacts ecosystems and climate. For example- Trees obtain their mass from carbon dioxide, if we keep cutting down trees the carbon dioxide levels will continue to rise on Earth. Cutting down tress actually produces carbon dioxide. Ecosystems are disrupted because when we cut trees down certain animals lose their home or their ability to hide from predators. Once an organisms loses its shelter this can cause that organisms population to decrease and it causes a disruption in that ecosystems food web.
What waster product is the circulatory system responsible for removing
Cardon dioxide
Identify the structure in a cell where proteins are synthesized
Ribosomes
What happens to a cell if it is placed in salt water?
Salt water decreases the cell in size causing it to shrivel/shrink because the concentration goes from high to low (water leaves the cell as it is attracted to the salt).
When the adaptive characteristics of a species are insufficient to allow its survival, that species is likely to
become extinct
What is the order of organization of genetic material from largest to smallest
- Chromosomes
- Nucleus
- Gene
Nucleus --> chromosomes --> genes
*Remember chromosomes can be found inside of the nucleus and it is basically coiled up DNA. Genes are small fragments of DNA making it the smallest structure*
Explain how a feedback mechanism works
Body recognizes a change and responds appropriately to maintain homeostasis
A farmer stopped maintaining a field that was once used to grow crops. Over time, the field eventually became a forest. These changes best illustrates the process of
ecological succession
The human body fights an infection when a pathogen is detected. As a result, the pathogen stimulates the production of ____________
antibodies
What is a niche?
A specific job done by an organism or population of organisms in an ecosystem.
The instruction for the genetic traits of an organism are directly determined by the
sequence of bases in DNA molecules
Explain two body systems that work together to maintain homeostasis
Circulatory and respiratory - Circulatory and respiratory work together in gas exchange. Respiratory system allows entry of oxygen into the body and releases carbon dioxide. The circulatory system carries the oxygen throughout the body.
Digestive and respiratory - Respiratory system provides oxygen for cellular respiration while the digestive system supplies nutrients needed for ATP (energy) production
The instructions for making an important protein in the blood-clotting process may be missing in some individuals. Scientists can now isolate these instructions and insert them into a yeast cell that will then produce the protein. Altering yeast cells in this way is known as
Genetic engineering
After digesting the nutrients from a meal high in carbohydrates, the body releases ______________ to return the blood sugar levels to normal.
Insulin.
Remember, carbohydrates turn into sugar in the body. The liver releases insulin which sends a signal to the liver which stores the excess glucose as glycogen. Glycogen is released as glucagon when glucose levels are too low.