PFDJ National Charter
Eritrean Core Values
Eritrean Symbols
Eritrean Geography
People of Eritrea
100
What does PFDJ stand for?
People's Front for Democracy and Justice
Define EPLF/PFDJ’s role in Eritrea - “centre of gravity” that guarantees peace, stability, and progress in Eritrea by identifying a political program that can allow for a broad-based national and democratic movement
100
What years did the Eritrean armed struggle go on for?
1961-1991
100
How many leaves are on the outer wreath of the Eritrean flag? And what does the number symbolize?
30, represents the 30 year arm struggle.
100
How many administrative regions does Eritrea have?
6 administrative regions.
100
How many ethnolingustic groups are in Eritrea?
9 ethnolingustic groups
200
Where was the charter adopted? And in what year?
Nakfa, 1994.
200
Name one Eritrean value taught last year and the meaning.
- Bitsaynet: Camaraderie
- Niqhat: Awareness, knowledge
- Awer N'Hafash: Victory to the masses
- Twefayinet: Sacrifice, selfless contribution
- Teswarinet: Tolerance, never giving uo
- Niqfeta: Constructive criticism
200
What is said when Eritreans lift their left fist?
Awet N'Hafash - Victory to the Masses
Background: Long-standing symbol of solidarity with a political movement. Common symbol of leftist political movements.
200
Eritrea is bordered by which 3 countries?
Sudan, Ethiopia and Djibouti.
200
True or False: Eritrea has tribes
FALSE: A tribe, is a group of people that includes many families and relatives who have the same language, customs, and beliefs.
300
How many basic goals were in the national charter, name 1.
National Harmony
Political Democracy
Economic and Social Development
Social Justice (Economic and Social Democracy)
Cultural Revival
6. Regional and International Cooperation
300
What does Zekre Sematat mean?
Remembering Our Martyrs
This is practiced as a moment of silence at the beginning and at the end of any Hizbawi Ginbar (HIDRI, YPFDJ, PFDJ) meeting
All members must remove any hats during this time
This tradition began during the armed struggle for independence as a way to remember fallen comrades
300
Why was our national currency named after Nakfa?
Nakfa is a town in Eritrea that was the first major liberated town for the EPLF.
300
Eritrea has roughly how many islands?
Any answer between 300 and 360 are acceptable.
- Only 4 are inhabited/
- Dahlak Kebir is the largest and most populated.
300
True or False: All Eritrean ethnolinguistic groups are named after the language they speak.
FALSE: All are named after the language they speak (except for Rashaida).
400
How many universities/colleges are in Eritrea? Name 1.
Colleges opened across Eritrea with the intention of colleges being in geographically relevant locations
(ex. Marine studies in Massawa, Red Sea)
400
What was the name of the organization that initiated the struggle and the organization that achieved the final independence of Eritrea?
The organization that initiated the struggle was the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF)
Differences in ideological perspective, approach to independence, and long term goals for Eritrea caused a splinter in ELF. Those who challenged ELF formed a separate organization called the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) in 1970
400
Name a national symbol and its significance that was taught last year.
Shida:
Meaning: The shoes of the Eritrean Armed Struggle
Background:
Every Eritrean fighter wore shida during the armed struggle. They were made from recycled tire rubber and allowed soldiers to move quickly in the stony desert war zone. They were inexpensive, light-weight and allowed air to circulate the feet. If parts of the shida ever broke, they could be quickly fixed with a small flame, melting them back together.
Camel:
Known as the “ships of the desert,” camels are resilient and intelligent animals.
They were critical to Eritreans during the armed struggle serving as transporters of necessary goods and supplies.
To Eritreans they symbolize strength, resilience, and fortitude.
400
Name one significant site in Eritrea and state its significance.
Qohaito:
Flourished between the 1st and 7th centuries AD
Significant archaeological site showcasing the advanced civilization of ancient Eritrea
Architectural Marvels: Impressive stone buildings, including temples, palaces, and residential structures
Urban center with evidence of advanced urban planning, water management, and agricultural techniques.
Adulis
Flourished between the 1st and 7th centuries AD
Vital port connecting the Red Sea trade routes with the Mediterranean, Arabia, and the Indian Ocean
Thriving center for trade in goods like ivory, gold, spices, textiles, and exotic goods from diverse civilizations, including Greek, Roman, Egyptian, Arabian, and Indian traders and travelers
Excavations provide valuable insights into ancient commerce, intercultural connections, and maritime history in the region.
Al-Sahaba Mosque
Believed to be the first mosque in Africa, dating to 7th century BC
Reportedly built by companions of Prophet Mohammed as the companions travelled to Africa to avoid persecution in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
400
What are ethnolinguistic groups called in Tigrinya?
Biher
500
What does self-reliance mean in the context of Eritrea?
Must contain one of the below points:
- Development
- Security
- Peopl-orientated
500
What does 291 stand for and symbolize in Eritrea?
It is our area code, and it stands for 2 religions, 9 ethnic groups (ethnic groups) = 1 people
500
State the colors of the Eritrean Flag and the meaning of each color,
Red stands for the priceless blood that was paid by Eritrea’s children for independence
Green is for Eritrea’s wealth coming from farming and pastoralism
Blue represents Eritrea’s marine resources
Gold is for Eritrea’s mineral resources
500
Name one region and its capital. Zoba Ma'ekel and Asmara.
1. Semienawi Keyih Bahri: Massawa
2. Debub: Mendefera
3. Debubawi Keyih Bahri: Assab
4. Anseba: Keren
5. Gash Barka: Barentu
500
Name all 9 ethnolinguistic groups.
Afar, Bilen, Bedawiyet/Hidareb, Kunama, Saho, Tigrinya, Tigre, Rashida, Nara