8
This pigment absorbs light for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
T/F receptors are peripheral proteins.
F
This cell synthesizes the ECM
Fibroblast
Steps of mitosis in order.
Prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
These mutations change an amino acid to a stop codon.
Nonsense mutation.
Protons are pumped into this in order to create the proton gradient.
Lumen
If bound to GDP a G protein is considered.
Inactive
These cell junctions are a continuation of the membrane and play a role in cell communication and nutrient transfer.
Plasmodesmata
If a cell doesn't have enough of these they will go into G0.
Cyclin-CDK complexes
What are 3 of the ways that mutations can occur?
UV
X rays
Hydrogen peroxide
Radiation
Highly reactive chemicals
6O2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6CO2
What is wrong with this equation for photosynthesis?O2 and CO2 flipped
During fight or flight your adrenal glands release epinephrine and norepinephrine. By what kind of signaling may these spread?
Endocrine signaling
These filaments make up cilia and flagella.
Microtubules
DNA ligase will join these together on the lagging strand to finish the daughter DNA.
Okazaki Fragments
These kinds of mutations generally have a large impact on the DNA especially if they are "upstream"
Frameshift
What steps follow if rubisco binds CO2 to RuBP
Carboxylation, Reduction, Regeneration
If a signal needs to spread to every part of the cell you might used this kind of signaling.
Cascade signaling
Name all 5 cell junctions.
Adherin junctions, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, tight junctions, gap junctions
RAS GTPase are a group of proteins that when activatedPromote MAPK pathways. IS RAS a onconogene, proto-onconogene, or a tumor supressor?
proto-onconogene
If a DNA hairpin loop is causing issues in replication what kind of DNA repair might be used to remove it?
Nucleotide Excision Repair
An electron may be transferred to this electron carrier by ferredoxin instead of being used to synthesize NADPH.
Plastoquinone (Pq)
Describe the steps of signaling via G Protein-Coupled Receptor Up to protein kinase A activation.
1. G protein-coupled receptor
binds to G protein
2. G protein releases GDP and
binds GTP (a-subunit)
3. GTP-bound a-subunit
separates from the b- and g-
subunits and binds to the
target proteins in the cell which
produces a response
4. Adrenaline binds G protein-coupled receptor and activates the G protein
5. GTP-bound a-subunit activates an enzyme (adenylyl cyclase) that
converts ATP to cyclic AMP (cAMP).
6. cAMP is a second messenger that binds and activates a kinase enzyme
(PKA) that phosphorylates target proteins to produce the response
A motor protein is moving on a microtubule away from the MTOC it is connected to. What kind of motor protein is it?
Double Jeopardy or sumn
Kinesin
All the proteins used in DNA replication.
Helicase
Single-strand binding protein
Topoisomerase
DNA polymerase
DNA ligase
telomerase
What are the steps for nucleotide excision repair?
1. Damaged bases signal the
repair process.
2. DNA is cleaved at the sugar-
phosphate backbone at two
sites that flank the damage
3. The DNA damaged
nucleotide region is removed
4. DNA synthesis fills the gap