1st and 2nd Crusade
What did the Crusaders wanna take?
The Holy Land (Jerusalem)
What Muslim leader was in charge during the second crusade?
Saladin
Who were the largest Italian traders?
Venetians
Describe at least 2 aspects of city life?
Animals in streets, Waste thrown into streets, 3 to 4 story tall buildings, disease, fire, crime, narrow and winding streets.
Poems and books started to be written in the ____________ (language spoken by the people)?
Vernacular
What was the name of the Council that urged Christians to join the first Crusade?
Council of Clermont
What happened to Frederick Barbarossa?
He fell into a river and his armor drowned him.
Where did Merchants sell their goods?
Trade Fairs
Name at least 3 possible Guilds?
Textiles, Carpenters, Architects, Stone Masons, Tailors, Smiths, etc.
Art that was made of cloth with beautiful hand embroidered images?
Tapestries
Name a leader of the second Crusade?
Eleanor of Aquitaine and King Louis VII
Name three Christian leaders during the third crusade?
Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa
King Philip II of France
King Richard I of England
What was the trading partnership in North Germany?
Hanseatic League
List three inventions that required less farm workers. Leading to the growth of cities.
Water Mill, Wind Mill, and Heavy Plow
Important Christian Scholar?
Thomas Aquinas
What monk was able to gather a lot of peasants for the first crusade?
Peter the Hermit
What was the problem regarding transportation during the fourth crusade?
Crusaders could not afford it. So Venetians accepting sacking Zara as payment.
Name three things regarding payments that were established from trade?
Money, Credit, Banks
Merchants wanted to escape paying heavy taxes. So they got a charter, and created what?
Merchant Towns
A philosophy followed by medieval universities that used reason to support Christian beliefs?
Scholasticism
What did the crusaders establish after the first crusade?
The 4 Holy Cities which include Tripoli, Edessa, Jerusalem, and Antioch
What Empire was established shortly after the fourth crusade?
The Latin Empire
Who were in charge of the banking system in Europe? And why?
Jews, because Christians had outlawed making money off of loaning money.
Name the establishment of select trade organizations and the three roles one could have within it.
A guild. You could be apprentice, journeyman, or master.
Manuscripts that were handwritten books with painted decorations that often included precious metals like silver and gold?
Illuminated