Crusades
The __________ crusade ended with the capture of Jerusalem and the formation of four Christian kingdoms.
What is the First?
What is celibacy?
Why did King John try to squeeze money out of his subjects via taxation in the early 13th century?
His father's wars and his older brother's crusading (and capture) led to huge debts.
BONUS (+1000): His ransom price was 150,000 marks (or 100,000 lbs. of silver). About how much money is this in today's money? Hint: it is staggering, and they actually paid it. If you are close, I'll give you 1000 points.
Name a leader associated with the Third Crusade. (+100 for each)
1. Richard the Lionhearted
2. Philip II of France
3. Frederick Barbarossa
4. Pope Gregory VIII (I guess...)
5. Saladin (I guess...)
What is chivalry?
Bonus (+100): Prove that you understand chivalry.
Centuries-long effort to drive the Moors out of Spain.
What is the reconquista?
The practice of buying and selling church offices or sacred relics.
What is simony?
Who is King John I of England?
The practice of passing on one's estate to the oldest male son of the family.
What is primogeniture?
Why did noble women need to know arithmetic, riding, hunting, and a little Latin?
They managed households, especially in situations where their husbands were away or killed in combat.
Crusaders were aided by a fleet from ___________ during the Sack of Constantinople (1204).
Where is Venice?
An military order of knights that supported Western crusade efforts and protected Christian pilgrims in the Holy Land.
Who are the Knights Templar?
The practice by which European leaders could install their chosen people into church offices (bishops, abbots, etc.).
What is lay investiture?
The name of the pope who called for the First Crusade.
__________________ crushed Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings (1066) and brought the Anglo-Saxon chapter of English history to an end.
Who is William the Conqueror?
BONUS (+200): Where was he from?
Answers will vary.
____________ attempted to enforce the papal reforms of Leo IX and Gregory VII.
What are the Lateran Councils?
Beyond the spiritual benefits, what were some of the political motivations of the crusaders?
1. Protect Christian pilgrims
2. Defend Byzantine interests
3. Check Muslim advances into the West
A bride price is paid by the groom's family to the wife's family. A dowry is an asset (property or otherwise) paid by the wife's family to the groom or his family.
Why were younger sons of the nobility forbidden to marry or forced into the clergy?
Answers may vary.
Which pope ordered excommunication for those who disagreed with his denunciations of clerical marriage and simony?
Who is Pope Gregory VII?
The most preeminent military leader of the First Crusade.
Who is Godfrey of Bouillon?
Duncan's youngest son in MacBeth.
Who is Donalbain?
Banquo's son in MacBeth.
Who is Fleance?