Week 8
What term is used to describe tests that assume a specific data distribution, such as normality, and are sensitive to outliers?
What are parametric tests?
The method in research where there is the least risk of confounding
What is randomization?
Heavey's 2 conditions for clinical significance
What is statistically significant and clinically useful?
Participants acting differently when they're being observed
What is the hawthorne effect?
Another word for "world view"
What is a paradigm?
What is the null hypothesis (Ho) for a chi-square test?
What is "No relationship between categorical variables"?
The risk level associated with incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis, set by researchers
What is alpha level?
When results for multiple studies are pooled together to give a numerical result
What is a meta-analysis?
Rejecting the null hypothesis when it's actually true
What is a type 1 error?
The main assumption of quantitative research
Positivism
The statistical test that tests for differences in means between three groups
What is ANOVA?
The interpretation of a Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) of -1 when the p-value is less than alpha?
What is a perfect negative correlation? When P<alpha, you reject the null hypothesis that the variables are not correlated.
As a study's sample size increases this also increases which makes it more likely to detect true differences if they exist
What is power?
The expected systematic difference between the sample estimate and true population value
What is sampling error?
The method of research most often used in biomedical research
Quantitative
The statistical concept that measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two continuous variables
What is Pearson's correlation coefficient (r)?
The type of regression where the outcome variable is continuous
What is linear regression?
This type of study is considered the "gold standard" for testing clinical interventions
What is a randomized control trial?
When the association is related to another variable, and failure to account for it can lead to misleading results
What is confounder bias?
Relativism