Popes and Practices
Pope that called for the First Crusade to the Holy Lands.
Pope Urban II
The plague returned about every 20 years after its first appearances in the mid-1300s, often deadlier than before. However, it suddenly faded away in the 1800s. What does the textbook state may have caused the end of the plague?
One theory is that a species of brown rat that was not as vulnerable to the plague overwhelmed the older black rats that had infested Europe.
The "Eucharist" or the Lord's Supper comes from the Greek meaning what word?
"Thanksgiving"
How or why did women tend to benefit after the plague had finally subsided?
They could own property, participate in commerce, and even join guilds -- all for the same reason wages went up -- the lack of manpower.
Which Crusade (give its number) saw Phillip II of France, King Richard the Lion Hearted of England, and Emperor Fredrick Barbarossa of Germany journey to the Holy Lands?
Third Crusade (remember that there were three kings!)
Belief that the bread and wine of the Lord's Supper became the actual body and blood of Christ was known as:
Transubstantiation
24 stories in a story-telling contest "Tales" told during a pilgrimage to Thomas Beckett's shrine. (The winner got a free meal -- WINNER, WINNER, CHICKEN DINNER!)
Canterbury Tales
Religious group that was labelled heretics by the Catholic Church for believing in two gods, one in this world and one in heaven ...
Cathars
Those black, awful-looking, pus-filled areas on a plague victim's body were called this:
Buboes - where we get Bubonic plaguq
Catholic realms or territories set up near the Middle East to help knights reclaim the Holy Land were called the:
Crusader states
The "Doctrine of the Keys" stated what about the pope's power?
This doctrine held that the pope’s authority was passed down directly from Christ, and that even if councils could play a role in the practical maintenance of the church, the pope’s authority was not based on their approval.
Feudalism required lots of manpower to succeed. What event was one of the causes for feudalism to end? (NOT the plague)
The start of the Hundred Years War in 1337.
A loyal priest who became concerned that the Catholic Church had errors in its doctrine, specifically concerning one's salvation and access to God. He also pushed for the removal of Jews from his homeland of Germany ....
Martin Luther
These true believers thought if they whipped their bodies, causing the blood to flow, they might purge themselves of their sin that apparently had brought the plague upon them....
Flagellants
Which Crusade (give its number) saw the knights head to the Middle East, only to turn around and sack Constantinople?
4th Crusade
What did the "Great Schism" of 1054 do?
It divided the Roman Catholic Church in the West from the Eastern Orthodox Church in the East.
This 12th century woman was the abbess of Germany and helped start many monasteries. She was also a writer, composer, and scientist!
Hildegard of Bingen
To understand the Christian Bible - or any great text - logic must be applied. The Muslims had preserved and studied the great works of ancient Greek philosophers, including which genius that provided the basis for interpreting meaning using logic?
Aristotle
What was common for people to do, when someone lay dying of the plague?
People came to witness the dying to "inoculate" everyone present against the temptation to enjoy life too much and encouraging them to greater focus on preparing their souls for the afterlife.
The "Children's Crusade" - it actually involved many adults and was never sanctioned by the papacy - was begun and encouraged by whom?
Two young boys
Stephen of Cloyes (France) and
Nicholas of Cologne (Germany)
Known as Il Poverello, the "little poor man," this person believed he was the smallest of God's servants, but he inspired a new religious order founded on vows of poverty and a life of wandering preachers. Who is this:
St. Francis of Assisi
This country was the first European nation to permanently ban the presence of Jewish people. This was accomplished in the "Edict of Expulsion," written in 1290.
England
The Conciliar Movement selected one pope over all others, finally ending what event that had begun in the late 11th century?
The Great Schism
The third son of Genghis Khan, he continued his father's merciless and bloody ways in conquering even more territories to make Mongol conquests greater. He was called:
Ogedei
Name the Muslim leader whose army finally breached Constantinople's walls in 1453 (a date historians also use as the end of the Medieval Period):
Sultan Mehmed II