World War I
How did the United States approach World War I prior to entering?
Isolating, avoiding conflict as much as possible but still trying to support allies through supplies
Who is Upton Sinclair? What is he known for?
Muckraker, writing The Jungle, led to change in the meat packing industry
Explain the Sacco and Vanzetti case.
Executed for armed robbery, trial impacted by anti immigration views
What contributed to the increase of feminism in the 1920s?
Flappers, economic opportunity, new freedoms and rights
What was the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire? What is an impact?
Women locked inside while a fire broke out and it led to many dying, traumatic situation. Protests the year prior were unsuccessful and this event led to a massive public shift in public opinion towards labor reform.
What are 2 causes of World War I?
M - Militarism, A - Alliances, I - Imperialism, N - Nationalism
Who is Woodrow Wilson and do you know about him?
President 1913-1921, Democrat, isolationist, led us through WWI, moral diplomacy, 14 points, increased gov oversight in business protecting workers
What is the Plessey v. Ferguson ruling?
Established separate but equal
What caused the consumer revolution?
Access to electricity and gas, materialism, assembly lines
What is the Social Gospel movement?
Christians needed to be concerned for the salvation of society, not individual souls. Encouraged challenging economic, political, and social norms. Help those less fortunate.
What aspects of combat are iconic to World War I?
Trench warfare, mustard gas, stalemate, starting to use planes
What is Jane Addams know for?
The Hull House - settlement houses in Chicago to provide social services to the urban poor and immigrants.
What is the Clayton Anti Trust Act?
Enhanced the government's power to regulate mergers and protected labor’s right to collective bargaining. 1914
What is the Harlem Renaissance?
Exploring black culture, renewed claims to the arts, new opportunities for black artists to be featured
What are ways voters can be disenfranchised?
Poll tax, literacy tests, grandfather clause, intimidation
What are the main goals of the 14 points?
Self determination and long term peace, biggest point was for League of Nations.
Explain Teddy Roosevelt's views on trusts?
Believed the State was "duty bound" to control corporations for the public good. Focused on regulating rather than breaking apart
What are the Espionage and Sedition Acts?
Espionage: Criminalized obstructing military recruitment, causing insubordination, and conveying information with intent to interfere with the war effort
Sedition: Criminalized using "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language" about the U.S. government, Constitution, flag, or military.
What is the Universal Negro Improvement Club?
Promoted racial pride, economic self-sufficiency, and the formation of an independent Black nation in Africa, argued Black Americans couldn't receive justice in a white run country, Marcus Garvey 1914
Explain vertical immigration. Example works.
Business buying the steps of the process. Example: Hy-Vee buying a semi company, farms, and/or factories to produce products.
What is Red Summer?
1919 - white soldiers returned from war and had to compete for jobs against black migrants, led to riots and increased tension
What did flappers stand for?
Pushing back against social norms, shorter dresses and hair styles, staying out and going out, rejected victorian modesty
What is the national origins act of 1924?
Permanently restricted immigration to 2% of that nationalities 1890 U.S. population. Heavily favored northern and western Europeans, almost completely excluded Asia
What groups did the KKK target with the renewal of the organization?
Catholics, Jewish, feminist, and immigrants along with the Black population
What is the Hetch Hetchy Debate?
Preservation vs Conservation: Conservation won in Hetch Hetchy, but the debate defined modern environmental thought.
Preservation: Advocated for maintaining pristine lands for their spiritual and aesthetic value—"everybody needs beauty as well as bread".
Conservation: Promoted "environmental utilitarianism," emphasizing the efficient and planned use of resources to serve the "most people"