First Encounters
Which was NOT part of the Columbian Exchange:
Animals
Plants
Minerals
People
Minerals
Why did Europeans seek out tropical lands, like the Caribbean? What did they want to do with the lands?
Growth of sugar (cane) was very profitable, even considered a luxury item
Jean Ribault was:
(1) what nationality, and
(2) what is he remembered for building?
French; Charles Fort which is on present-day Parris Island
Which European nation was first to enslave people from Africa and where did these poor souls usually end up working?
Portugal: sugar plantations (in the Caribbean)
What event happened in 1500s Europe that effectively held England and France from competing with Spain in the New World?
The Reformation
How did Native Americans view of land differ from that of European settlers?
Did not see it as something to be sold or that a person could "own" land
Which was the first real "money crop" for Europeans in the New World:
Cotton
Sugar
Tobacco
Rice
Sugar; grown in the Caribbean islands
Bartolomé de las Casas’s A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies was written for what purpose?
To let the world know of Spanish atrocities in the New World
Spain utilized the _______________ system, which relied on enforced labor (very close to slavery) from the Native peoples. Please fill in the blank.
Encomienda system
In the struggle for the North American continent, which nation had seemingly the LEAST ability to hold its territories?
1) Spain
2) France
3) England
England
One of the earliest civilizations in North America, often referred to the Mississippian culture, was known as _____________ reached a population of between 10,000 and 30,000.
Cahokia
This European nation benefited the most from Aztec and Inca gold and silver:
Spain
Which nation's sailors perfected the use of the astrolabe (for precise navigation) and the caravel (15th century fast-sailing ship) that helped the nation control overseas trade and bounty?
Portugal
Which European nation was the most capitalist, controlled slaves, and had the most religious freedoms and liberties? This nation also settled what would later become New York.
The Netherlands
Name the 1588 event that changed world history, making England forever Protestant and Spain no longer a threat (to England)?
Defeat of the Spanish Armada (fleet)
Who were the explorers (which group of people) that first reached North America, well before Columbus? (No, I don't mean the Native peoples!)
Scandinavians (Vikings) around the year 1,000
Despite King James I (of England) stating that it was "loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the brain, and dangerous to the lungs,” what crop saved Jamestown from complete disaster?
Tobacco
Which Portuguese sailor/explorer founded colonies in Africa and traded with India and other Asian markets?
Vasco de Gama
The "Black Legend" was often the moniker given to which European nation, due to its torture and cruelty of Native populations?
Spain; all European nations were cruel to Natives, though!
Where, in 1587, was the first (unsuccessful) English attempt at settlement in the New World?
North Carolina (Roanoke); also known "The Lost Colony". Jamestown, VA would actually be the first in 1607.
The first Spanish settlement in the Southwest was:
1) Santa Fe
2) Tucson
3) Houston
Santa Fe (1610)
Which European nation thought trade with Natives, instead of settlements, was the best way to develop a lucrative fur trading business:
1) France
2) Spain
3) England
France; they often intermarried and developed good relationships with the Natives, while the English stayed and created opposition.
Who were the (mostly) New Englanders who felt that living in "excess," including celebrating Christmas and other European holidays, would hamper the Christian's life?
Puritans; the name began as an insult, as did Christian
Arriving in Virginia in 1619, slaves were first brought to the British colony by which nation?
1) England
2) Spain
3) Netherlands
Netherlands (the Dutch)
Who were the Native people that the English encountered in Jamestown, VA?
1) Mohawk
2) Powhatan
3) Wampanoag
Powhatan