Rulers
He was the Westernizer Tsar of Russia.
Who is Peter the Great?
The view that the world runs as a machine.
What is Mechanism?
He published the Discourse on Method.
Who is Descartes?
She was called the true mother of her people.
Who is Maria Theresia of Austria?
The belief that God is distant from the world and runs it as if it were a machine.
What is Deism?
He published the Leviathan.
Who is Hobbes?
He ruled the Holy Roman Empire as an Enlightened Despot.
Who is Josef II?
The political view that stresses human beings as isolated individuals.
What is Liberalism?
He published the Two Treatises on Government.
Who is Locke?
He fought in the Great Northern War to reclaim land from Sweden.
Who is Peter the Great?
Church reforms that stress political powers and rulers' authority over the Church.
What is Josephism or Gallicanism?
He was the only Pope who stood up to Enlightenment Principles with vigor.
Who is Pope Benedict XIV?
They fought against each other in the Seven Years' War and the War of Austrian Succession.
Who are Maria Theresia and Friedrich the Great?
The heresy that human beings are sinful and evil, and that God's mercy is limited.
What is Jansensim?
He was a close friend and collaborator with Friedrich the Great of Prussia.
Who is Voltaire?