Indigenous America & Encounter
What major Indigenous city near present-day St. Louis was a center of Mississippian civilization?
What is Cahokia?
What English settlement was established in Virginia in 1607?
What is Jamestown?
What religious movement shaped the early English colonies of New England, especially Massachusetts?
What is Puritanism?
What major war between Britain and France began in North America in 1754?
What is the Seven Years' War?
Who wrote the influential pamphlet Common Sense, published in 1776?
Who is Thomas Paine?
What Indigenous people inhabited the Caribbean when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492?
Who were the Taíno?
What crop became the foundation of Virginia's colonial export economy?
What is tobacco?
Which Puritan woman was banished from Massachusetts after challenging religious authorities?
Who was Anne Hutchinson?
What contested region was central to the conflict between Britain, France, and Indigenous nations?
What is the Ohio Valley?
What 1776 document announced the colonies' independence from Britain?
What is the Declaration of Independence?
What term describes the movement of plants, animals, diseases, and people between the Americas, Europe, and Africa after 1492?
What is the Columbian Exchange?
What 1640 case involving an African laborer illustrates the emergence of racial differences in colonial punishment and servitude?
Who was John Punch?
What legal doctrine placed a married woman's legal identity largely under her husband's authority?
What is coverture?
What 1754 meeting brought colonial representatives together to discuss defense and cooperation during the imperial crisis?
What is the Albany Congress?
What 1775 proclamation offered freedom to certain enslaved people who escaped rebel owners and joined British forces?
What is Lord Dunmore's Proclamation?
What Spanish colonial labor system compelled Indigenous communities to provide labor or tribute to colonizers?
What is the encomienda system?
What 1676 uprising in Virginia was led by a colonist who challenged Governor William Berkeley?
What is Bacon's Rebellion?
What religious revival movement of the eighteenth century featured preachers such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield?
What is the Great Awakening?
What 1763 British policy restricted colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains?
What is the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
Which enslaved Massachusetts woman successfully sued for freedom in 1781, helping undermine slavery in the state?
Who is Elizabeth Freeman?
What does Indigenous sovereignty mean, and why was it challenged by European colonization?
It refers to Indigenous peoples' authority to govern themselves and their lands. European colonizers challenged that authority through conquest, territorial claims, and imposed colonial rule.
How did hereditary racial slavery differ from indentured servitude in colonial Virginia?
Hereditary racial slavery became a lifelong, inheritable condition imposed on people of African descent, while indentured servitude generally involved a limited term of service.
How did John Locke's concept of natural rights challenge the idea that rulers possessed unlimited authority?
Locke argued that people possessed inherent rights and that legitimate government depended on consent and the protection of those rights, rather than unlimited royal authority.
Why did Britain's victory in the Seven Years' War contribute to growing tensions with its North American colonies?
The war greatly increased British imperial debt, encouraging Parliament to impose new revenue measures and tighten imperial administration, which many colonists resisted.
How did the American Revolution expose contradictions between the ideals of liberty and the institution of slavery?
Revolutionary leaders proclaimed natural rights and freedom while slavery persisted. Enslaved African Americans pursued freedom through military service, escape, legal challenges, and other forms of resistance, exposing the limits of revolutionary equality.