Glands
These are coiled structures attached to hair follicles found in the underarm and genital areas that secrete sweat
What are Apocrine glands
This is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules; these membranes are flat sheets that form a continuous barrier around all cells
What are bilayers
This is the outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of corneocytes
What is the Stratum corneum
these are tiny grains of pigment (coloring matter) that are produced by melanocytes and deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and in the papillary layers of the dermis; a protein that determines hair, eye, and skin color; produced as a defense mechanism to protect skin from the sun
What is melanin
This is abbreviated TEWL; water loss caused by evaporation on the skin’s surface
What is transepidermal water loss
These are sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores; not attached to hair follicles, secretions do not produce an offensive odor
What are Eccrine glands?
this is the outermost layer of skin; a thin protective layer with many cells, mechanisms, and nerve endings; is made up of five layers: stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum
what is the epidermis
This is also known as basal cell layer; active layer of the epidermis above the papillary layer of the dermis; cell mitosis takes place here to produce new epidermal skin cells (responsible for growth)
What is the Stratum germinativum
these are the cells that produce skin pigment granules in the basal layer
What are melanocytes
This is also known as aging rays; longer wavelengths ranging between 320 to 400 nanometers that penetrate deeper into the skin causing genetic damage and cell death. it contributes up to 95 percent of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation
What is UVA radiation
These protect the surface of the skin and are appendages connected to follicles
What are Sebaceous glands
This is the also known as the derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; support layer of connective tissue, collagen, and elastin below the epidermis
What is the Dermis
This is layer of the epidermis composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules; replace cells shed from the stratum corneum
What is the Stratum granulosum
This is a a type of melanin that is red and yellow in color; people with light-colored skin produce mostly pheomelanin; two types of melanin; the other is eumelanin
What is Phemelanin
This is also known as burning rays; these wavelengths range between 290 to 320 nanometers.These rays have shorter, burning wavelengths that are stronger and more damaging and causes burning of the skin as well as tanning, skin aging, and cancer
What is UVB radiation
These excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals
What are Sudoriferous glands
This is the top layer of the dermis next to the epidermis
what is the papillary layer
This is the clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum; thickest on the palms of hands and soles of feet
What is the Stratum lucidum
This is the the enzyme that stimulates melanocytes and thus produces melanin
What is Tyrosinase
abbreviated as HEV; light emitting from electronic devices, reported to penetrate the skin more deeply than UV rays; damages collagen, hyaluronic acid, and elastin
What is High-energy visible light
These are tube-like opening for sweat glands on the epidermis
What are pores
This is the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients; contains fat cells, blood vessels, sudoriferous (sweat) glands, hair follicles, lymph vessels, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous (oil) glands, and nerve endings
what is the reticular layer
This is the layer of the epidermis above the stratum germinativum layer containing desmosomes, the intercellular connections made of proteins
What is the Stratum spinosum
This is the pigment carrying granules that produce melanin, a complex protein
What are melanosomes
this is caused by an elevation in blood sugar, it is the binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule resulting in the formation of damaged, nonfunctioning structures, known as AGES). It alters protein structures and decreases biological activity
What is glycation