Explains that undeformed sedimentary rock layers towards the top are always younger than those towards the bottom
What is the Law of Superposition?
100
The essential gas that was missing from early Precambrian era's atmosphere
What is oxygen gas?
100
The short evolutionary event that occurred at the beginning of the Paleozoic era and is responsible for introducing majority of today's animal groups
What is the Cambrian Explosion?
100
This began to break up during the Mesozoic era
What is Pangaea?
100
The evolutionary adaptation that differentiates angiosperms from gymnosperms
What are flowers?
200
Sedimentary rock layers are found around a fault line. The rock layers are shifted. What's older, the rock layers or the fault line? You don't have to answer this one in question form
The rock layers
200
By the late Precambrian era Earth's surface was covered in this substance
What is water?
200
The 2 animal groups that became dominant after trilobite populations declined
What are brachiopods and cephalopods?
200
This evolutionary adaptation allowed reptiles to live in hotter and drier conditions than their amphibian predecessors
What are shelled eggs?
200
Refers to a type of organism that can regulate it's body temperature internally
What is an endotherm?
300
What organisms are best preserved as carbonized fossils?
What are insects and/or leaves?
300
The organisms that are responsible for creating Precambrian stromatolites and introducing oxygen into Earth's atmosphere
What is cyanobacteria?
300
Having this allowed the early land plants to grow larger and move more inland
What is vascular tissue?
300
The plant group gingkoes, cycads, and pine trees belong to
What are gymnosperms?
300
The benefit fruit provide angiosperms with
What is better seed dispersal?
400
Correlating these two things from different regions can help resolve unconformities found in the geological records
What are rock layers and fossils?
400
The reason the Earth's surface was a sea of lava during the early Precambrian era
What are frequent meteor strikes?
400
The two supercontinents that merged to form Pangaea
What is Laurasia and Gondwana?
400
The 2 primary animal groups that survived the mass extinction at the end of the mesozoic era
What are mammals and flying dinosaurs?
400
Two primary characteristics of early mammals that allowed them to survive the late mesozoic mass extinction
What is small size/small food needs?
What is burrowing behavior?
What is being endotherms?
500
The age of a fossil that contains an isotope with a half life of 5,000 years and a parent daughter ratio of 1/64
What is 30,000 years?
500
How long ago the Precambrian era occurred
What is between 4.6 bya - 541 mya?
500
The reason Paleozoic byrophytes, pteridophytes, and amphibians still had to live near water sources
What are water dependent reproductive cycles?
500
2 characteristics that indicated therapsids were the earliest ancestors to all modern mammals, and is the reason we call them "mammal-like reptiles"
What are legs positioned underneath the body and warm blooded characteristics?
500
The 4 major changes mammals experienced after the mesozoic mass extinction
What are increased size, increased brain capacity, specialized teeth, and specialized limbs?