Colonial Encounters & Labor
The practice of recruiting Pacific Islanders through deception, coercion, or kidnapping for labor became known by this term.
What is blackbirding?
Before European arrival, Pacific Islanders traveled vast distances using stars, winds, currents, and traditional knowledge.
What is wayfinding (traditional navigation)?
According to Camacho, Chamorros often focused on _________ rather than fully embracing either American or Japanese colonial loyalties.
What is survival (under colonial rule)?
Hawaiian movements fought to protect this from privatization and overuse, helping establish it as a public trust.
What is water?
European powers competed fiercely for cloves, nutmeg, and other valuable goods from these islands in present-day Indonesia.
What are the Spice Islands (Maluku Islands)?
This Hawaiian system of sacred rules and prohibitions organized society and regulated behavior.
What is the kapu system?
This global conflict dramatically transformed life in the Mariana Islands and intensified colonial politics.
What is World War II?
Banaba (Ocean Island) became globally important because it contained large deposits of this mineral used in agriculture.
What is phosphate?
In 1920, Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom formed this organization to control phosphate mining on Banaba and Nauru.
What are the British Phosphate Commissioners (BPC)?
These Spanish treasure ships connected Manila and Acapulco and carried goods across the Pacific for centuries.
What are the Manila galleons (Spanish galleons)?
This Papuan religious and political movement believed that ancestors would return and bring prosperity while ending foreign rule.
What is the Koreri Movement?
Operation Crossroads tested atomic weapons at this Marshall Islands atoll after World War II.
What is Bikini Atoll?
Before plantation labor became widespread, many Pacific Islanders and foreigners were drawn to islands like Erromanga because of this valuable resource.
What is sandalwood?
For centuries, these islands developed complex societies without direct European contact because Spanish galleons usually sailed far north or south of them.
What are the Hawaiian Islands?
The United States described its capture of Guam and Saipan from Japan as this process.
What is liberation?
This Greenpeace ship was sunk in New Zealand waters in 1985 after protesting nuclear testing in the Pacific.
What is the Rainbow Warrior?