A
A contemporaneous source historians analyze
Primary source
Lincoln was assassinated on this date
14 April 1865
Guarantees equal protection under law for all Americans
14th amendment
Laws designed to restrict the freedom of the emancipated blacks in the South
Black Codes
Three Reconstruction Plans
Wartime Reconstruction
Presidential Reconstruction
Congressional Reconstruction
This group of southerners helped the carpetbaggers and the Yankee troops exploit the south.
Scalawags
Established in 1865 to care for refugees
Freedmen’s Bureau
A faction of American politicians who supported a complete permanent eradication of slavery and secessionism, without compromise; rejected Johnson’s reconstruction plan.
Radical Republicans
With this act, an individual would receive 320 acres to plant trees.
Timber Culture Act, 1873
Succeeded in controlling nine-tenths of the oil-refining business.
John D. Rockefeller
Two presidential candidates during the election of 1876
Samuel Tilden and Rutherford. B. Hayes
Two presidential candidates during the election of 1868
Ulysses Grant and Horatio Seymour
Civil Rights Bill (1866)
granted American citizenship to blacks and denied the states the power to restrict their rights to hold property, testify in court, and make contracts for their labor
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection, transportation, restaurants, and "inns, public conveyances on land or water, theaters, and other places of public amusement."
This bill required that more than 50 percent of white males take an “ironclad” oath of allegiance before the state could call a constitutional convention; that the state constitutional conventions abolish slavery; Confederate officials or anyone who had “voluntarily borne arms against the United States” were banned from serving at the conventions.
Wade-Davis Bill
A corrupt businessman, political boss, who was pulling the strings of New York's politicians.
Boss Tweed
New York attorney general who brought Boss Tweed to justice
Samuel Tilden
Gave companies the right to mine minerals from public land without returning any of the profit to the government. This law still exists.
Mining Act of 1872
Pioneered the expansion of America’s railway system and became the most notorious speculator
Jay Gould
Owned the biggest steel business in the world during the “Gilded Age.”
Andrew Carnegie
Marked the end of the Reconstruction era and the recognition of a new political order in the South.
Compromise of 1877
Sources of Southern Poverty (name three)
Late start in industrializing
Educated middle class Southerners left the South
Very few technical or engineering schools
Lack of social services
Distrust of outsiders
Agriculture dominated economy – mostly unskilled labor
George Washington Carver
American agricultural scientist and inventor who promoted the farming of peanuts and developed hundreds of products using peanuts.
Tenure of Office Act
Stated that the president had to get permission of senate to fire any of his cabinet members
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Established separate but equal clause