The Great Explorations 1
The________ and the________________ created colonies in Central and South America
Spanish and the Portuguese
____________________was the first explorer to reach Newfoundland.
John Cabot
______________________had an empire so large that it was called “Mistress of the World and Queen of the Ocean.”
Spain
Where did the first colonists sent by Raleigh settle?
Roanoke Island
Spanish adventurers who sailed to South America were known as .
conquistadores
The first English colony in the New World was named_______________ after Queen Elizabeth.
Virginia
The first settlement on Newfoundland became known as __________________________
St. Johns
Elizabeth put Sir Walter Raleigh in charge of_____________________
exploring North America
Jacques Cartier named the land he saw_______________________ after the Micmac word for village
Canada
The king of Spain issued special contracts called , that gave these adventures permission to sail to South America and take all its gold.
encomiendas
Why didn’t the first colonists stay in Newfoundland all year long?
The fishermen who settled in Newfoundland only stayed in their colony during the spring and summer because it was too cold during the winter. Huge storms came during the winter that would cover the island with ice and snow.
What was the naval battles in 1588 between England and Spain called?
The Spanish Armada
Why was Queen Elizabeth so interested in North America?
Queen Elizabeth was interested in North America because she did not want Spain to become more important than England. Spain already had colonies in Central and South America and in the land that now belongs to Florida. If Spain took over North America, the Spanish Empire would become the largest and most powerful in the world
The ___________________were a group of Christians who wanted to remove all Catholic influences from the Anglican church.
Puritans
How much worth of gold did the Spanish take from South America.
In all, the Spanish took five hundred billion dollars’ worth of gold and silver out of South America.
Why did King Philip want to attack England?
a. He was tired of English ships attacking Spanish ships. b. He wanted to prove that Spain was more powerful than England. c. He wanted to make England a Catholic country again.
What was the Northwest Passage, and why did so many explorers want to find it?
The Northwest Passage was a river that would run all the way through North America, from the Atlantic Ocean on one side to the Pacific Ocean on the other. Explorers wanted to find it so they could get to China and India and grow wealthy trading for silks and spices.
When Samuel Champlain crossed the Atlantic, he landed in the country we now call_______________ . 2. Champlain founded a city that is known today as ________________ .
Canada
Quebec
Why was John Smith frustrated with the Jamestown colonists? What did he think they should be doing?
John Smith was frustrated with the Jamestown colonists because they spent all of their time searching for gold. He thought they needed to do other work before their food supplies ran out, and he wanted them to build walls around their settlement to protect themselves.
Describe some of the ways the Spanish took gold from South America.
The Spanish took jewelry away from the native tribes. They panned for gold in the streams, and they dug mines into the ground.
What was the Triangular trade?
These goods were traded for enslaved Africans, who were then packed onto ships and transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas in a journey called the "Middle Passage"
Enslaved people were sold to work on plantations in the Americas, producing crops like sugar, tobacco, cotton, and rum. These crops were then shipped back to Europe to complete the triangle.
Why was tobacco farming such hard work?
Tobacco farming was hard work because the seeds had to be hand-planted, hand-weeded, and hand-pruned. Worms had to be picked off one at a time. At harvest time, the leaves had to be taken off one at a time and hung on pegs to dry. Then the stems had to be taken off and the leaves had to be packed into barrels.
What new name did William Bradford give to the Separatists and the other group of colonists who sailed to America?
What was the name of the second colony formed by Puritans in the New World?
Pilgrims
Massachusetts Bay Colony
When the Separatists/ Puritans left England, where did they go first?
Why were the Separatists unhappy in this new land?
Holland
Their children began to forget English and their Separatist beliefs.
_____________________brought tobacco seeds from Spain to Virginia. What kind of massive farming did it lead to which required lots of ________________ and ______________________to work in?
John Rolfe
indentured servants
slaves