THE COLD WAR
What was the Cold War
A huge tension between USA and the Soviet Union, but that tension never reached the point of a direct confrontation.
What is the Marshall Plan?
The Marshall Plan was the economic aid plan designed by USA to help Europe to recover after the end of WW2.
When was the Warsaw Pact founded?
The Warsaw Pact was founded in1955
Name 3 conflicts during the 1950s
1. THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND THE PARTITION OF GERMANY 2. THE END OF THE CHINESE CIVIL WAR (1949) 3. THE KOREAN WAR (1950 4. 1953) THE HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION (1956) 5. THE SUEZ CANAL CRISIS (1956
In 1985, the Soviet Union had a new president: Name him.
Mihail Gorbachov
What were two scientific advances which were linked to the arms race.
Nuclear energy and space exploration
When was NATO created and why?
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), was created in 1949 with the goal of creating a defensive alliance against future attacks.
Name 2 organisations to maintain power in the Eastern Bloc.
To maintain the order in this bloc, two institutions were created: TheComecon TheWarsawPact
Why was the Berlin wall built?
Throughout the years it was clear that West Berlin was developing better and had also a better quality of life. Many people decided to start emigrating to West Berlin, but the Soviet Union ir order to stop it built a wall in 1961 that divided the city until 1989.
Name 2 of Mihail Gorbachov's policies.
Perestroika and Glasnot
Name 4 out of the 5 characteristics of the bipolar disorder.
An armed race
The use of regional conflicts
The start of espinonage
The capability of destroying the world
The use of propganda
Name 6 NATO members.
eg USA, UK, France, Italy, Belgium and Canada, Spain
What does COMECON stand for and when was it created?
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON) was created by the Soviet Union in 1949.
Describe how Germany was divided.
Germany and Berlin were divided in 4 parts between the winners of the conflict. Later, Germany will be divided in two countries: • The Federal Republic of Germany or West Germany (FRG) with a democratic system and capitalism • The German Democratic Republic of East Germany(GDR)which had a communist regime.
Describe Gorbachov's policies.
The first one was Perestroika, with this policy he allowed the population in the Communist Bloc to have more freedom and have free elections . The second one was Glasnot, with this policy he allowed the soviet political system to be more flexible, less opaque in its decision making and to be opened to international relationships.
The name the 3 conflicts which caused the two great superpowers (USA and Soviet Union) began to drift apart.
The Greek Civil War (1945)
The Iron Curtain (1946)
The Iran-Turkey crisis (1947)
What 2 things did the Truman Doctrine end up creating.
The Truman Doctrine is the genesis of NATO and Marshall Plan.
What was the official purpose and the unofficial purpose of the Warsaw Pact?
Its official purpose was the same as NATO. It was an institution with the objective of providing military assistance to the signing members against possible attacks by the Western Bloc.
Inreality, the Warsaw Pact allowed and was used by the Soviet Union to impose order in their satellite states.
What lead to the Vietnam War?
Vietnam until 1954 was a french colony. But when the Frenchs left on this year (1954) two countries were created: –North Vietnam : A communist regime led by Ho Chi Minh and supported by USSR.–South Vietnam: A dictatorship supported by USA. ● In 1955, South Vietnam was threatened by a communist guerrilla movement called Vietcong. Seeing that South Vietnam was not able to resist these attacks, USA decided to intervene military in the country in 1964.
What was the Star Wars Program?
Ronald Reagan decided to create a defensive program that formed a shield against the launch of any soviet missile.
What years did the Cold war start and end?
It lasted from 1947 until 1991.
Which conference led to Harry Truman starting his campaign in 1947 and why? What was its purpose?
After the deterioration of the relationships between the Allies of WW2 in the Conference of Postdam in 1945. USA president Harry Truman decided to launch, in 1947, a campaign to stop the spreading of communism in the world, which received the name of Truman Doctrine.
NAme the 6 founding members of COMECON
USSR, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Bulgaria and Hungary
What were the results of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
At the end, Kruschev (the new president of USSR) agreed to retire the missiles from Cuba and Kennedy did the same, with the american missiles in Turkey. They also agreed to build the red telephone, a telephone line that connected the two presidencies. After 1963, the relationships between the two opponents improved a little bit.
In what years did both super powers increase their number of nuclear weapons?
From 1977 to 1985 both superpowers, USA and USSR decided to increase the amount of weapons they had