Vocabulary 1
Exchange (will not be on assessment)
Exchange refers to the act of giving one thing and receiving another in return
Unintended consequences
An unintended consequence is something that happens as a result of your actions, but you didn’t plan for or expect it. It can be good or bad.
The Age of Exploration
The Age of Exploration, which took place from the late 15th century to the 17th century, was a period in the early modern era when European explorers traveled the world, mapping new lands and searching for trade goods.
“New World” continents vs. “Old World” continents
"New World"— North and South America
"Old World"— Africa, Europe, Asia
Origins of the terms “Old World” and “New World”
This term emerged during the Age of Exploration in the late 15th century, following Christopher Columbus's voyages to the Americas in 1492. As European explorers encountered lands and peoples previously unknown to them, they referred to these newly discovered territories as the "New World."
Intended consequences
An intended consequence is the result you expect or hope to happen after you do something. It's the outcome you plan for or want to achieve.
Tariff (will not be on assessment)
Taxes on goods that are imported. The importer usually pays the tariff. However, the cost of the tariff can be passed on to the consumer in the form of higher prices.
Primary motivations for European exploration
"God, Glory, and Gold" are the three primary motivations that drove European explorers during the Age of Exploration.
Major changes brought about by the Age of Exploration (5)
The Age of Exploration led to significant changes, including…
the “discovery” of new lands and sea routes
the establishment of European colonies in the Americas, Africa, and Asia
the exchange of goods, cultures, and ideas the
expansion of global trade networks
the spread of Christianity
European nations competing for new lands during the Age of Exploration (6)
Spain, Portugal, England, France, The Netherlands (Dutch), Italy
Short term impact
Short-term impacts happen immediately or within a short period after an event, decision, or action. These effects might be temporary or lead to quick changes.
Tax (will not be on assessment)
Money that people and businesses have to pay to the government. The government uses this money to pay for things like schools, roads, police, and other public services.
The Silk Road
The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that connected Asia, Europe, and parts of Africa. It was used for exchanging goods like silk, spices, and other valuable items, as well as spreading ideas, culture, and inventions between different regions.
The Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange was the global exchange of plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that began in the 15th century. The exchange was set in motion by Christopher Columbus's voyages to the Americas in 1492.
Negative impacts of the Columbian Exchange, and why (3)
Answers may vary
Long term impact
Long-term impacts develop over time and often have lasting consequences that shape future events. These effects last for years or even centuries.
Interdependence
When things are interdependent, they rely on each other to function or thrive. Each part depends on the others to succeed or survive.
Positive impacts of the Columbian Exchange, and why (3)
Answers may vary
The Ottoman Empire’s control of the Silk Road, and how it acted as a catalyst for the Age of Exploration
By the 15th century, the Ottomans had gained control of much of the land along the Silk Road, which had been a vital trade route between Europe and Asia. The Ottomans' dominance of this route limited European access to goods like silk, spices, and other valuable items from Asia. As a result, European nations began seeking alternative sea routes to Asia to bypass Ottoman-controlled land routes and maintain access to these valuable goods. This drive to find new trade routes and expand their influence ultimately sparked the Age of Exploration.
Luca’s birthday was on February 11. How old did he turn?
4
Interconnectedness
When things are interconnected, they are linked or related to each other. Changes or events in one part can affect the others because of these connections.
Globalization
Globalization is the process where the world becomes increasingly interconnected and interdependent through the exchange of goods, services, information, technology, and culture across different countries.
Discuss the interconnectedness between diseases, Indigenous populations, and the expansion of the slave trade
The connection between diseases, Indigenous populations, and the expansion of the slave trade can be seen in the effects of European contact with the Americas. When Europeans arrived, they brought diseases that Indigenous people had never encountered before. As a result, these diseases spread quickly and caused massive declines in Indigenous populations, who lacked immunity. This loss of life created a labor shortage, prompting Europeans to increase the transatlantic slave trade. Africans were forcibly brought to the Americas to work on plantations and in mines, replacing the lost Indigenous labor. The expansion of the slave trade was driven by the economic interests of European colonizers, who profited from crops like sugar, tobacco, and cotton.
The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was the forced transportation of nearly 13 million Africans to the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries. These individuals were kidnapped, taken onto European and American ships, and shipped across the Atlantic Ocean.
What is Ms. Chung’s horoscope sign?
Leo