World War One
Explain how nationalism and militarism motivated European countries to go to war.
Nationalism was the belief that your country and culture were the best and you should defeat others to spread your culture. Militarism, or the build up of the military made a war necessary to justify all the money spent on the military.
Who was the original leader of the CCP?
Who was the original leader of the Bolsheviks?
CCP: Mao Zedong
Bolsheviks: Vladimir Lenin
Explain how European colonialism led to the Rwandan Genocide.
The divide and conquer tactics of the European colonialists made deep and long lasting divisions in society between the Hutu majority and the Tutsi minority (who the Belgians chose to rule Rwanda). Once the Belgians were gone, the Hutus looked for revenge on the Tutsis.
Describe what a "run on a bank" is. Why are runs on banks bad for the economy?
A run on a bank is when all the depositors try to withdraw their money at once. Most banks don't have all the depositors cash on hand, and if they hand out all the money they have the bank will no longer be able operate, leading to the collapsing of the bank and many other depositors not able to get the money back.
1. Hoovervilles : _______ :: Breadlines : Hunger
a. wealth b. industry c. prosperity d. expansion e. depression
2. Which word is most closely related to Hoovervilles?
a. Suburb b. Mansion c. Park d. Shantytown
e. depression
d. Shantytown
a. Explain how the European alliance system of pre-World War One led turned a small conflict b/w Serbia and Austria-Hungary into a larger conflict that developed into World War One.
b. What were the main countries in:
i. The Triple Entente
ii. The Central Powers
Both Serbia and Austria-Hungary had powerful allies that told them not to back down in negotiations over the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. Serbia had Russia's support and Austria-Hungary had Germany's support. In turn Russia was allied with France, which was allied with England. Austria-Hungary was allied with Germany, who got the Ottoman Empire to join the war as well.
bi. Triple Entente: U.K., France, Russia (until 1917), then the U.S.
bii. Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
Describe at least two failures of the KMT that led to the rise of the Chinese Communist Party.
Too focused on elite interests, squandering resources given to them by the allies in WWII, The KMT ran a harsh conscription based army that alienated Chinese peasants. The KMT had no unifying message or cause like the CCP.
a. Why did Pol Pot want to put children in charge of Cambodia?
b. Who did Pol Pol consider "the enemy of the people?"
c. Why did Pol Pot want to change the calendars back to the year 0?
a. Children are easy to manipulate and he wanted to raise a new generation loyal to him.
b. Intellectual and people who lived in cities b/c he felt they helped the French colonialists.
c. He wanted to change the country back to the year 0 to restart Cambodian society and focus on farming.
Explain how the Great Depression made it possible for Totalitarian dictators like Mussolini and Hitler to gain power in Italy and Germany.
The great depression made people poor and upset. They looked to "strong-men" leaders who offered simple solutions to their problems. These "strong-men" also offered convenient scapegoats to blame societies problems on.
1. Mao's Little Red Book : ______ :: Poster : Advertisement
a. propaganda b. literature c. education d. entertainment e. fiction
2. Explain the role that Mao's Little Red Book played in the Cultural Revolution in China.
1. a. propaganda
2. It was a key piece of propaganda and indoctrination that spread Mao's ideas and reinforced loyalty to him and the CCP.
Explain how the technology of the industrial revolution changed the way wars were fought in World War One. (I am looking for an SAQ style response following TEA)
Industrial Technology like the machine gun and long range artillery changed how wars were fought in World War One by slowing down the speed at which wars could be fought. Machine guns and artillery made military offensives nearly impossible and troops had to live in trenches to survive. In general this made fighting a slow battle of attrition in which no side had a clear advantage and battles lasted weeks or even months.
b. These events made the Tsar look incompetent and uncaring for the people of Russia.
Explain why genocides are often preceded by economic or political crisis's. Give an an example of either and economic or political crisis that preceded a genocide that we learned about in class.
Economic downturns make people look to blame others. Political crisis like the break up of a country can lead people to look for others to blame. Examples are the Holocaust (Political and Economic) and Armenian Genocide (Political)
a. Explain the different responses of Herbert Hoover and Franklin Delano Roosevelt to the Great Depression. b. What about FDR's response to the Great Depression marked a change in how the government interacted with the economy?
a. Hoover: Laisse-Fair, The gov't shouldn't be involved in the economy and the economy will fix itself eventually. FDR direct gov't involvement. The gov't should "prime the pump" by spending money to create jobs for unemployed workers. b. FDR's new deal represented a change in that the gov't was more directly involved in the economy.
1. Proletariat : Labor :: Student : _______
a. classroom b. knowledge
c. study d. teacher
e. diploma
2. Proletariat is most closely related to which of the following terms.
a. Aristocracy b. Upper-Middle Class c. Slaves d. Working-Class
2. Working-Class
Name a new country that was created after WW1 as a result of the _______________ that ended World War One. Name one new country that came out of the following regions:
a. Ottoman Empire
b. Austria-Hungarian Empire
c. German Empire
a. Syria, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey
b. Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Yugoslavia
c. Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland
a. Describe the effect the Great Leap Forward, Mao's backyard furnaces, & the Four Pest Campaigns had on China.
b. What was Mao's response to these policies?
c. Describe whether your answer to part b was helpful or harmful to China.
a. They were all a tremendous failure that led to widespread famine.
b. The Cultural Revolution. Mao wanted to get rid of traditional Chinese culture and replace it with a new culture centered around worshipping him.
c. It was ultimately harmful as intellectuals were targeted and punished further decreasing Chinese ability to develop.
Explain why Holodomor is considered a "Man-Made Genocide."
Stalin target Ukrainians who did not want to join his collective farms by removing all the food from these regions. The Ukrainians were growing enough food, but Stalin and the Soviets took all the food away from them causing massive starvation.
Explain how stock speculators buying stocks with credit caused a banking crisis after the stock market crash of 1929.
The speculators took out loans from banks to invest in the stock market. The speculators thought they could pay back loans off the appreciation from the stock's value. However, when the stock market crashed and the value of their stocks decreased, they had no money to pay back the loans they took. This left banks with no money to pay back their depositors.
1. Genocide : People :: Extermination : _______
a. disease b. pests c. weapons d. soldiers e. chaos
2. Which of the following is most closely related to the word genocide?
a. massacre b. celebration c. growth d. conflict
b. pests
a. massacre
Explain how the slow collapse of the Ottoman Empire and imperial tensions within Europe led to World War One.
The Ottomans slowly lost control of the Balkans region. In response to that new territory being available the Austro-Hungarian Empire wanted to move in and claim it to increase the size and prestige of their empire. One region the Austro-Hungarians wanted to annex was Serbia. This news angered Serb nationalists and motivated the "Black Hand" a Serbian terrorist group to assassinate the prince of Austria-Hungary when he was touring Sarajevo. This assassination led to escalating tensions b/w different alliance groups which led to WW1.
a. What was the New Economic Program under Lenin and how did it differ from Stalin's 5 year plan?
b. Explain why agricultural collectivization is usually fails.
a. Lenin's New Economic Program allowed for limited private businesses b/c he recognized private industry was necessary to grow the economy. Stalin's five year plan was brutal and led to shortages of necessary consumer goods. b. Collectivization takes away people's incentive to work hard, so farmers grow less and less food over time.
Describe the goal of each stage of genocide: a. Classification, b. Persecution, c. Polarization, d. Denail
a. Classification: draw lines as to who is good and who is bad (Us v. Them)
b. Persecution: make laws that go against the targeted group. Showing government support for treating the targeted group poorly. c. Polarization push society against the targeted group so everyone hates the targeted group or at least don't care what happens to them. d. Denial is always the last stage b/c those who commit the genocide do not want to be punished for it.
Explain how the Smoot-Hawley Tariff: a. worsened the Great Depression in the U.S., b. made the Great Depression spread to the rest of the world.
a. The U.S. tariffs raised prices on goods for U.S. consumers. The U.S. tariff created retaliatory tariffs from other countries, making it harder for U.S. companies to sell their goods in foreign countries. b. The U.S. tariff and retaliatory tariffs in other countries: killed world trade, stopped the reconstruction of Europe after WW1, and raised prices on everything for consumers around the world, making people more poor.
1. Poison Gas : Suffocation :: Smoke : _______
a. irritation b. combustion c. asphyxiation d. visibility e. residue
2. Explain how Poison Gas changed how wars were fought in World War One.
1. c. asphyxiation
2. Poison gas was invisible and could kill, injury, and generally terrorize soldiers in trenches.