Society
List the three categories of social classes
What was the commonality between the roles of mothers and wives throughout the colonies?
Running of the household, chores, seeing to their children's education, submitting to the will of their husband.
What was the #1 motivation for being educated?
To learn to read the Bible.
What religious anxiety sweep through the Massachusetts Bay Colony and left many innocent people dead.
Salem Witch Trials
In what decade did the Great Awakening begin?
1720s
Who made up the Lower Class? Describe their economic and social position.
Indentured Servants and Redemptioners. They entered the colonies very poor. But many were able to work their way into the Middle Class.
Each family in the American colonies centered on what system?
The Patriarchy, or the Father/Man of the House.
What system of education was offered to boys wanting to learn a trade?
Apprenticeships.
What church structure did the Puritans develop?
Congregational form of church government.
What is the preacher Jonathan Edwards best known for?
Who made up the Middle Class? Describe their economic and social position.
Small farmers, the clergy, carpenters, shop keepers, blacksmiths. They were considered neither wealthy nor poor. They did not have the luxuries that the Upper class had but they were not destitute.
New England Puritans believed a successful family was essential for the success of what?
The Church.
What was used by children when they were first learning to read and write?
A hornbook.
Discuss the tenant of the Half-Way Covenant.
allowed unsaved members who were outwardly moral to baptize their children in the church. Under this “new covenant,” members did not have to profess their relationship with Christ.
What philosophy developed during and stood in opposition to the Great Awakening?
The Enlightenment.
Who made up the Upper Class? Describe their economic and social position.
Aristocrats, wealthy merchants, plantation owners. They were very wealthy and highly educated, known to have "refined manners."
Name three of the uses that the Home fulfilled for the colonial family.
A hospital, a school, a church, a social sphere, and an economic sphere.
Daily double: Discuss the difference between grammar schools and dame schools.
Grammar schools were developed after dame schools and provided more in-depth instruction for children.
Who established the Baptist church in the colonies? Where was this most prevalent originally?
Roger Williams, Rhode Island.
Name five of the seven effects of the Great Awakening.
1740 - 1742, thousands of people converted to Christianity in New England alone
Increase number of missionaries and outreach
Grew higher education - Christians founded Princeton, Brown, Rutgers, Dartmouth
Baptist churches became increasingly popular
Distinction between church and state
Increase personal freedom
Increase political freedom
Discuss the differences and similarities between enslaved black people and indentured servants in the colonies.
The Enslaved: no rights, forced to work for no pay, were abused extensively, majority could never escape enslavement, could marry (unrecognized)
Indentured Servants: received no pay, voluntary servitude, some suffered abuse, would be free after 5-7 years and given "freedom dues", normally weren't allowed to marry
Describe the familial struggles that slaves were forced to deal with.
Africans were separated from family when they were forcibly brought to the colonies. They could be sold to another white master at any time, and be separated from any semblance of a family again. Enslaved African mothers were forced to work in the fields or in the plantation house and did not get to raise their own children.
Discuss the meaning and result of the Old Deluder Satan Act.
Established that illiteracy was Satan’s tool that enabled him to keep people from God’s Word and Truth.
Basic, public education was compulsory, to be supported by the state
Discuss the differences between Mennonites and Amish
Amish were more conservative than Mennonites and rejected a modern way of life.
What two unique teachings are a part of Unitarianism?
Jesus was a good guy, but not the son of God.
People needed to only be moral, and not saved from their sin.