Chapter 9
What farming technique did the Moche and Nazca use to promote agriculture high in the Andes?
Ancient irrigation ditches
Why was art important to ancient civilizations in the Americas?
Art was used in religion and traded for wealth
What role did Muslim scholars play in the preservation of European culture?
By translation works of Aristotle and Plato. Also by building great Mosques
Why was calligraphy popular in the Muslim states?
Muslim law prohibited the drawing of living things.
What was the Khanate of the Golden Horde?
The Mongol Empire in Russia
What is mother culture and which civilization was considered one?
A civilization that influences neighbors and later civilizations, such as the Olmec.
The Great Pyramid, located in La Venta, was used for what purposes?
As a tomb and religious center
Who overthrew the Abbasids caliphate?
The Mongols
What makes up the body of Islamic law?
The Qur’an and the Sunna
What was the reason Byzantine’s used diplomacy as a tool of stability?
To prop up their shaky Empire
How and why was trade important to the early American civilizations?
Trade boosted economies and allowed an exchange of traditions and ideas.
Know the importance of the Chavin to Peru.
It established patterns that became the basis for later civilizations
Know about the Muslim class system.
Some class mobility existed with conversion to Islam, Non-Muslims formed the third class, and the fourth class were composed of slaves.
Shi’a and Sunni Muslims have very different ideas when it comes to the caliph. What was it?
The Shi’a believed that the caliph needed to be a relative of Muhammad.
What was Russian culture influenced by?
The creation of the Cyrillic alphabet
Most information about how Olmec civilizations lived came from archeologists looking at______________..
Their pyramids, sculptures, and religious temples.
When and where did complex societies develop in early American civilizations?
When they had a surplus of food, the population grew and learned new skills
Who were the “rightly guided” caliphs and how were they accepted by the people?
Those who based their leadership on the Qur’an and Muhammad’s actions
Why was there internal conflict after Muhammad died?
Muhammad didn’t have a specific successor neither indicated how to choose one
What caused political instability in the Byzantine empire?
Yaroslav’s division of his realm among his sons
Why was Monte Albán considered the hallmark of Mesoamerican civilization?
It combined ceremonial grandeur with residential living space
Joe
Momma
How do the 5 Pillars of Islam help Muslims submit to Allah?
By helping htem focus on Allah, Muhammad, and the poor.
Know about trade in the Muslim Empire.
Muslims invented the check, Arabic was spoken throughout the traders, and one form of currency was accepted throughout the Empire.
What did Justian do to help keep the complex society in check?
He compiled laws