Not People
A term for the 17th and 18th centuries
What is the Age of Reason?
Concluded that the is the center and that the earth and other planets orbit around it.
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?
Suggested that since the human body is chemical in nature, chemicals should be used to treat disease. “Better than Celsus.”
Who was Paracelsus?
Father of modern chemistry. Used logical rather than fanciful terminology.
Who was Antoine Laurent Lavoisier?
Reasoning from the general to the specific.
What is the Deductive method?
Belief that the sun is the center and that the earth and other planets orbit around it.
What is the Heliocentric Theory?
This man believed that planets were oval shaped. He was also a Lutheran.
Who was Johannes Kepler?
Called the Father of Experimental Biology. Carefully studied the heart and the circulation of blood. Discovered the heart was a pump.
Who was William Harvey?
One of the leading advocates of the inductive method of reasoning.
Who was Francis Bacon?
Believed the English symbolized political freedom. French baron.
Who was Montesquieu?
An 18th century intellectual movement that placed a strong emphasis on the power of human reason.
What was the Enlightenment?
Italian astronomer who improved the telescope and was persecuted for his belief that the earth revolved around the sun.
Who was Galileo Galilei?
This man developed the smallpox vaccine.
Who was Edward Jenner?
French philosopher and mathematician. Relied on reason aided by the methods of mathematics. Feared people could be deceived by their senses and that observation and experimentation were therefore unreliable.
Who was René Descartes?
Leading figure of the Enlightenment. Thrown into prison as a young man for insulting a French noble and was banished from France.
Who was Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet)?
The belief that reason is the only sure source of knowledge and truth.
What is Rationalism?
Best known for his discovery of gravity when an apple fell.
Who was Isaac Newton?
First to publish the law of inverse gas pressure.
Who was Robert Boyle?
Rejected the idea that that God has implanted certain truths within each person from birth. Rejected the doctrine of original sin.
Who was John Locke?
Philosopher who favored emotion and sentiment above reason. Father of Romanticism.
Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
Reasoning from specific cases to a general conclusion.
What is the Inductive method?
Debunked several ancient theories of the human body through dissection. “On the Fabric of the Human Body.”
Who was Andreas Vesalius?
English Unitarian minister and chemist. Discovered substances like ammonia, oxygen, and nitrous oxide.
Who was Joseph Priestly?
Philosopher who emphasized the importance of reason and demanded that reason judge whether Scripture passages are true or not.
Who is Baruch Spinoza?
Believed that God no longer intervened in human affairs after Creation.
What are Deists?