Lesson 1: First Europeans in California
Name one thing Hernan Cortes was known for doing.
- He conquered the Aztec people of present-day Mexico in 1521
- He helped establish New Spain in the Americas
- He sent a group of explorers up the Pacific coast
What is a colony?
A land ruled by another country.
Missions were established to _______ most California Indian Groups to Catholicism.
convert
A presidio is a ____.
fort
Who wrote Charlotte's Web?
E.B. White
What is a peninsula?
Land surrounded by water on three sides.
What is a settler?
A person who moves to a new area.
There were __ missions established in Alta California.
21
The El Camino ____ is a road that linked the missions and presidios.
Real
What city did my wife and Mrs. Lau grow up in? It's also where Mission San Jose is located.
Fremont
Name one thing Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo was known for.
- He led an expedition from New Spain
- He sailed north up the coast of Baja California, reaching what is now San Diego
- He was the first European sailor to visit Alta California
- He met people of different California Indian nations
How many in Jose de Galvez's expedition perished?
About 1/3 of people on the expedition.
Adobe is a brick made of dried clay and _____.
straw
Juan Bautista de Anza reached ________ in his second trip after reaching San Gabriel previously.
Monterey
In the Bible, many brothers did Joseph have?
11
The Manila galleons brought back silver from New Spain to Manila. Why did England's Queen, Elizabeth I want to stop the Manila galleons?
- They made Spain richer
- Spain and England were enemies at the time
Vitus Bering explored for Russia. What narrow body of water between Alaska and Russia did he find?
The Bering Strait
Name one Bay Area mission.
Mission San Jose
Mission Santa Clara
Mission San Francisco
Mission San Rafael
Mission San Francisco Solano
Life in presidios was hard, especially for soldiers with families as presidios did not have _______ for their chidren.
Name two types of meat you can order at a taco truck.
Sir Francis Drake captured Spanish ships loaded with treasure. By 1579, his ship was sinking due to carrying so much treasure. When he stopped to fix his ship, it is possible he spent time with which tribe?
Coast Miwok
A colony is a land ruled by another country. Although Britain did not colonize Alta California, Captain James Cook did map what?
The Pacific Coast.
The Franciscans wanted California Indians to become farmers and practice agriculture. They wanted them to live more like Europeans and no longer practice ___________________.
Hunting and Gathering
A ________ is a person who leads a colony or state. Our current one of California is Gavin Newsome.
governor
How many Despicable Me/Minions movies are there?
Six
Sebastian Vizcaino led another expedition to Alta California. Which places did he name during his voyage (name two)?
Santa Barbara, Santa Catalina Island, San Diego, and Monterey Bay
In July 1769, the groups reached San Diego. A priest named Juan ______ kept a diary of the group's travels.
Crespi
Some missionaries used gifts and kindness to convert California Indians, others used harsh treatment. The California Indians that resisted, planned _______, which are uprisings against a ruler.
revolts
A town or village is also called a ______. San Jose and Los Angeles started as these and became centers of trade early on.
pueblo
Boba is made from a type of starch, derived from a root. Name either the type of starch or type of root.
tapioca starch, derived from cassava root
The challenge of reaching Alta California kept the Spanish from settling there for more than ___ years.
150
The first mission was established in San Diego by Junipero Serra. Which officer continued north all the way to what is now the Bay Area?
Gaspar de Portola
San Gabriel
The leader of a pueblo was an ________. They had the powers of a mayor and a judge.
alcalde (ahl CAHLD eh)
Name two countries ending in -stan.
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan