Confederation & Expansion
What was one main goal of expansion after Confederation?
To gain land and encourage settlement in the West
Who was the leader of the Métis during the Red River Resistance?
Louis Riel
What was the name of the railway built across Canada?
Canadian Pacific Railway
Which region experienced industrial growth?
Central Canada (Ontario & Québec)
What animal was essential to First Nations survival?
Buffalo
What land was purchased by Canada that caused major conflict?
Rupert’s Land
What triggered the Red River Resistance?
Land being taken and surveyed without Métis permission
Why were railways important?
They connected the country and supported trade
What type of jobs increased in Central Canada?
Factory jobs
What happened to the buffalo population?
Nearly extinct due to overhunting
Why did the government want to build a railway?
To connect the country and support expansion
What government did the Métis create?
Provisional government
What scandal delayed railway construction?
Pacific Scandal
Why did the Maritimes struggle after Confederation?
Loss of trade and competition from Central Canada
What were the Numbered Treaties?
Agreements between First Nations and government
Who was the Prime Minister leading the expansion at this time?
John A. Macdonald
What document listed Métis demands?
Bill of Rights
What was one goal of the National Policy?
Build the railway / encourage immigration / protect industry
How did tariffs affect the Maritimes?
Made imports more expensive
What was the purpose of the Indian Act?
To control and assimilate First Nations
How did expansion affect First Nations overall?
Loss of land, resources, and control
What happened to Thomas Scott?
He was executed by the Métis government
Who helped build the railway under dangerous conditions?
Chinese workers
What happened to many people in the Maritimes?
They moved away for work
What were residential schools meant to do?
Assimilate First Nations children